This study explored biochemical parameters of blood in workers operating in the main workshops at the Ust-Kamenogorsk Titanium and Magnesium Plant: magnesium (Mg) workshop (furnace operator, chlorinator operator, and electrolyzer operator), titanium tetrachloride workshop (mill operator and titanium (Ti) production operator), and Ti sponge workshop (reduction furnace operator, knockout operator, and crushing machine operator). The control group consisted of 112 male workers, whose duties were not related to similar occupational hazards (plumbers, electricians, janitors cleaning the administrative building, security guards, and carpenters). The activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, alkaline phosphate, and α-amylase and the concentration of serum calcium, Mg, phosphorus, and chloride ion were measured. To clarify the nature of pathological changes that occur in the body of mammals under the influence of toxic gases and dust, this study also included 130 sexually mature, white female rats. Animals and workers were exposed to examination of the same indicators. Changes in test results of enzymes and minerals indicated a negative impact that harmful production factors may have had on the bodies of workers. Findings showed significant fluctuations in enzyme and mineral blood profiles of workers as compared to controls. In the test animals, changes in the enzyme activity and mineral blood composition were as diverse as in the workers. These findings will be useful when identifying markers of a negative impact of harmful substances in an industrial workplace and when developing measures to prevent employees from developing an occupational disease.

Іn order to clarify the nature of pathological changes in animals that develop under the influence of a complex of toxic gases and dust (titanium dioxide aerosol, titanium metal dust, titanium tetrachloride and its hydrolysis products, as well as chlorine and phosgene), we performed experimental studies directly in the conditions of titanium-magnesium production. This approach, from our point of view, can create the most profitable experimental model that allows for the maximum completeness of the corresponding clinical and experimental Parallels. Therefore, a series of experimental animals were placed on the territory of the three main workshops of JSC «CC TMK». The animals were placed in specially made cages of 25-26 heads each, which were installed at the level of the human respiratory system. Experimental animals of the control series of the experiment were kept on the territory of the plant, but at a considerable distance from the main production shops in a separate, clean, well-ventilated room. The animals of the control group were slaughtered at the same time as the experimental animals. These studies help in the development of evidence-based measures to improve the health of workers engaged in harmful working conditions. In such production conditions, workers often had acute respiratory infections, chronic bronchitis, etc.the degree of retention of compounds containing chlorine anion (chlorine, hydrogen chloride, titanium tetrachloride, phosgene, magnesium dihloride) was relatively high and ranged from 39-85%. At the same time, higher indicators of the degree of delay in all the main workshops were usually observed for gaseous substances (chlorine, hydrogen chloride, phosgene), which is probably due to their good solubility.

is a insufficiently explored rare endemic species from East Kazakhstan, which is of great scientific interest. The main goal of this study is to establish the actual habitats based on historical collections stored in the main herbarium repositories, as well as to study the flora of associated species for D. altaica. As a result of the study, data were obtained on the distribution and coenoflora of the rare endemic species Daphne altaica in East Kazakhstan. For additional clarification of the distribution sites of the species, herbarium materials dated 1840-1973 from the main repositories were studied: the Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction (AA), Altai State University (ALTB), Siberian Botanical Garden (NS) and Lomonosov Moscow State University (MW). The analysis carried out confirmed the narrow local distribution of the rare species throughout the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Possible additional habitats of D. altaica included in the Red Data Book of Kazakhstan have been identified. The concentration of habitats falls on the floristic regions 22. Altai and 23. Tarbagatai. The distribution of the species is limited by the Kalba, Southern Altai, Sarymsakty, Narym, Azutau, Ulba, Uba, Tarbagatai, Western Tarbagatai and Saur ridges. When studying the coenoflora of D. altaica, the completeness of the species composition of the communities was established. The coenoflora of D. altaica includes 175 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 127 genera and 42 families. In terms of the spectrum of the 10 leading families, the coenoflora of D. altaica is noticeably similar to the flora of the entire East Kazakhstan. The results obtained are necessary for monitoring and searching for historical habitats of D. altaica, compiling the route of field expedition trips, finding areas in natural habitats, and establishing phytocenotic relationships in D. altaica communities.