Gene therapy is an emerging concept that gives hope to people with highly fatal conditions. It’s almost three decades since the emergence of the idea of gene therapy. Since then, hundreds of medical trials have been conducted worldwide from which we not only have gained enough knowledge but have experienced the need for it in society. Even though the concept of gene therapy has experienced setbacks, success stories are increasing exponentially, proof of which are recommendations and approvals of gene therapy from various medical associations worldwide. Our knowledge has grown over the years, and during this period, we have come across various safety datahelp help us develop better gene therapy approaches. The chief concept of this procedure is to revamp the vehicles for delivery which typically are nanostructures, plasmids, and viruses. The USA and Europe have been pioneers in gene therapy for a very long period; various reports have come from Asian countries, including India, in recent times. Our knowledge of the concept of gene therapy is increasing day by day. New information and data are being analyzed regularly to help provide gene therapies for different diseases. New research has led to various new drug applications for approval at the FDA. In this review, various points, from the history of gene therapy and its requirement in today’s society to the most recent advances in gene therapy, have been discussed. It also covers the works and advances of gene therapy in India.