No abstract

In this manuscript we have studied the laminar convective heat and mass transfer flow of an incompressible, viscous, electrically conducting fluid over a fluid over an impulsively started vertical plate with conduction-radiation embedded in a porous medium in the occurrence of transverse magnetic field. An exact solution is derived by solving the dimensionless main coupled partial differential equations using Laplace transform technique. The properties of important physical parameters on the velocity, temperature, concentration, Skin friction, Sherwood number and Nusselt number have been studied through graphs.

Resource choice behaviour has enormous fitness consequences and can drive niche expansion. However, individual behavioural choices are often mediated by past experience. Are such context-dependent behaviours adaptive? Using the red flour beetle, we demonstrate that context-dependent oviposition choice indeed reflects distinct, context-specific local fitness peaks. Manipulating female egg allocation in a habitat containing optimal and novel resource patches, we measured offspring fitness to generate fitness landscapes as a function of all possible oviposition behaviours (i.e. combinations of fecundity and resource preference). Females from different age and density contexts exhibit distinct behaviours that optimize different fitness components. With increasing age and experienced population density, they produce few but fast-developing offspring that are advantageous under high resource competition; whereas young naive females produce many slow-developing offspring, which is beneficial under weak competition. Systematically mapping complete context-dependent fitness landscapes is thus critical to infer behavioural optimality, and offers predictive power in novel contexts.

We present a case of a 40-year-old male patient who presented to us with radicular pain in arm for anterior cervical discectomy with fusion. The preanesthetic checkup including indirect laryngoscopy was normal with routine investigations within normal limits. The patient was induced and intubated with the established routine technique without any obvious airway problems. Prophylactic dexamethasone was administered, and the intraoperative course was uneventful. Immediately after extubation, it was noticed that the patient had inspiratory stridor and whispered voice on the operation theater table itself. Assessment by Bonfils retromolar fiberscope under fentanyl sedation revealed bilateral vocal cord edema. The patient was re intubated and put on T piece with humidified O2. After 72-h, patient was extubated after confirming normal vocal cord movement under flexible fiberscope guidance. This case is presented to alert anesthesiologist about the possibility of vocal cord edema even though other potential airway complications are possible. We would also highlight the importance of Bonfils retromolar fiberscope in awake vocal cord examination and flexible fiberscope use in managing patients presenting with airway problems during extubation.