Keeping human-wildlife conflicts in mind, that are taking place as a result of shrinking forest area due to overgrowing human population and consequently, due to augmentation of mining projects in the forest region, here, a nonlinear mathematical model is developed. The model is formulated under the assumption that continuously growing human population and its increasing demands impose population pressure on the environment, which results into augmentation of mining activities in the forest region. The model is analyzed qualitatively for boundedness, existence, and stability of equilibrium points, along with permanence of the model system. Quantitative analysis is also being performed by evaluating the numerical solutions of the model and analyzing them through graphical illustrations. The model analysis demonstrates that in order to have permanent model system, the growth of forest resources should be large as compared to their utilization for wildlife and human population. K E Y W O R D S forest resources, Holling type-II, human population, mining activities, permanence, stability, wildlife population Natural Resource Modeling. 2017;30:e12139. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/nrm Summary for Managers• It is important to understand that human-wildlife conflict is one of the serious implications of the impact generated through population pressure-induced mining activities on forest resources and wildlife population.• With the continuous depletion of forest resources, due to growth of mining activities in the region, the extinction of forest resources could take place and the survival of forest resource-dependent wildlife population comes under risk. Therefore, forests, which are natural habitats for wildlife species, should be protected.• Control measures on rampant mining activities through government intervention are required in order to protect forest resources from being unsustainably overharvested.• Proper planning of mining activities in a forest region should be implemented in order to develop balanced forest ecosystem, where the human and wildlife population can live in perfect harmony. * 1 ,

In this paper, we develop a nonlinear mathematical model that investigates the impact of mining activities and pollution on forest resources and wildlife population. It is assumed that concentration of pollutants grows in the environment at a constant rate and also augments due to different mining activities prevailing in the forest area. The model is formulated in terms of differential equations and analyzed using elements of stability theory and numerical simulation. The obtained results depict that both forest resources as well as wildlife population get very much affected, either directly or indirectly, due to mining activities and environmental pollution. It is being concluded that, in order to save forests, an ecological balance is required to be maintained among forest resources, forest-dependent wildlife population, mining activities and environmental pollution.

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Here, we develop a mathematical model which investigates the impact of growing population and rampant mining on forest resources, present in an urban region. In order to demonstrate the effect imposed by the overgrowing population on the environment, population pressure is incorporated in the model, which augments mining activities in the given region. The obtained model is studied qualitatively using stability theory of differential equations, while it is quantitatively analyzed through numerical simulation. The results of the model reveal that a whopping increase in unchecked mining activities, induced through excessive population growth, leads to declination of forest resources in a region. Therefore, sustainable mining is suggested through control measures imposed by the government on mining activities.

A mathematical model is presented here to investigate the effects of environmental pollution, intensified by urbanization, on the density of human population. Here, urbanization is assumed to grow with constant rate and also, induced through growing population and the corresponding population pressure. The model analysis, qualitatively and numerically, show that though the growth of population or population pressure is responsible for the growing urbanization, but for very large increase of urbanization, the population may not survive in the long run due to environmental pollution driven by urbanization.