This paper targets at competency of the chancellors in charge of scientific research in Chinese research-oriented universities, and makes in-depth researches by key behavioral event interview method and multivariate statistical analysis method. Basing on 473 valid questionnaires as collected from 28 research-oriented universities nationwide , the competency model of the chancellors in charge of scientific research in Chinese research-oriented universities is established with exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis methods. It is shown from the results the aforesaid competency is composed of 10 competency characteristics, which are covered by four major dimensions: Ideological and political qualities, personal qualities, business skills, and professional skills.