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A new sensitive microwave life-detection system which can be used to locate human subjects buried under earthquake rubble or hidden behind various barriers has been constructed. This system operating at 1150 MHz or 450 MHz can detect the breathing and heartbeat signals of human subjects through an earthquake rubble or a construction barrier of about 10-ft thickness. The basic physical principle for the operation of a microwave life-detection system is rather simple. When a microwave beam of appropriate frequency (L or S band) is aimed at a pile of earthquake rubble covering a human subject or illuminated through a barrier obstructing a human subject, the microwave beam can penetrate the rubble or the barrier to reach the human subject. When the human subject is illuminated by a microwave beam, the reflected wave from the human subject will be modulated by the subject's body movements, which include the breathing and the heartbeat. If the clutter consisting of the reflected wave from stationary background can be completely eliminated and the reflected wave from the human subject's body is properly modulated, the breathing and heartbeat signals of the subject can be extracted. Thus, a human subject buried under earthquake rubble or hidden behind barriers can be located. This system has been tested extensively in a simulated earthquake rubble in the laboratory and also in a field test using realistic earthquake rubble conducted by a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Task Force.

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Abstruct-A frequency domain approach to the E-pulse radar target domain analyses will be used to develop a set of defining Ediscrimination scheme is introduced. This approach is shown to allow pulse quations. The frequency domain approach will be easier interpretation of E-pulse convolutions via the E-pulse spectrum, and leads to a simplified calculation of pulse basis function amplitudes in shown to be of significant value not only for providing a much the E-pulse Experimental &dene obtained dng aircraft more convenient way of viewing E-pulse discrimination, but models verifies the singlemode discrimination scheme, as well as the also for constntcting Certain E-pulse wavefoms. aspect-independent nature of the E-pulse technique. This leads to anLastly, experimental results using aircraft models will be integrated technique for target discrimination combining the E-pulse with presented, demonstrating single mode discrimination and sjngle mode extraction waveforms.verifying the aspect independence of the E-pulse technique.

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