Isocyanides (C=N-R) adsorbed from l,2-dichloroethane(DCE) solution on powdered gold were studied by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Concentration measurements showed that adsorption equilibrium constants decrease in the order: CNPh > CNCH2C(0)0Et > 4-CNCeH4-N02 > CNBu11. This is a different order than that (CNBu* ~CNBun > CNCH2C(0)0Et > CNPh > 4-CNC6H4-N02) observed for the binding of isocyanides in the complex AuCl(C=N-R); this latter order indicates that the isocyanides with the highest -donor ability bind the most strongly. At saturation coverage, the number of moles of adsorbed C=N-R per gram of Au decreases as the size of the R group increases: CNBu" > CNlc-CeHu) > CNBu* > 2,4,6-CNC6H2(Bu*)3. For the least bulky isocyanide (CNBu11), the ratio of CNBu" molecules to surface Au atoms is approximately 1/3.9. From calculated cross-sectional areas of the R groups in the isocyanides, it is estimated that two-thirds of the surface area is covered at saturation coverage for all of the isocyanides. Gold powder that is surface-oxidized by Cl2 adsorbs CNBu" but AuCl-(CNBun) desorbs into the DCE solution.conditions of ultrahigh vacuum or in a reducing atmosphere. On the other hand, gold metal is known to be resistant to oxidation; thus, it can be handled easily under atmospheric conditions. Molecular 02 adsorbs only at low temperature (ca. 150 K)3 on clean gold surfaces, and no surface oxide forms.3'4 Water46,4*•5 67and ethylene6,7 do not bind to gold surfaces at or near room temperature. However, extensive studies show that alkanethiols (RSH) and disulfides (RSSR) in solution chemisorb strongly on gold films to give RS groups on the surface.8 Triphenyl compounds of the group 15 elements (i.e., NPh3, PPh3,

The diblock copolymers of polystyrene and poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (PSt‐b‐PtBA) with various molecular weights and hydrophobic/hydrophilic (styrene/acrylic acid) chain length were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Selective hydrolysis of the diblock copolymers (PSt‐b‐PtBA) resulted in amphiphilic block copolymers of polystyrene and poly(acrylic acid) (PSt‐b‐PAA). The amphiphilic block copolymers of PSt‐b‐PAA with average molecular weight (Mn) <7500 were proved to be critical in dispersing the pigments of UV curable ink‐jet inks for manufacturing the color filter. Incorporating DB2 diblock copolymer dispersants with styrene/acrylic acid ratio at 1.5 allowed more UV curable compositions in the red and blue inks without deteriorating pigment dispersing stability and jetting properties of the ink‐jet inks. The ink drops can be precisely ejected into the tiny color area. Better properties of the cured red stripe such as nanoindentation hardness and chemical resistance were found. The competing absorption of UV light by the blue pigment hindered the through cure of monomers near the interface between glass substrate and the blue stripe. This leads to lower hardness and poor chemical resistance of the UV cured blue stripe. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3337–3353, 2005

Ultraviolet photolysis of stoichiometric amounts of methyl oleate and Fe(CO)(5) in hexanes solvent at 0 degrees C gives Fe(CO)(3)(eta(4)-alpha,beta-ester) in which the alpha,beta-unsaturated ester isomer of methyl oleate is stabilized by eta(4)-oxadiene pi coordination of the olefin and ester carbonyl groups to the Fe(CO)(3) unit. Treatment of the Fe(CO)(3)(eta(4)-alpha,beta-ester) with pyridine or CO liberates the free alpha,beta-ester, methyl octadec-trans-2-enoate, in 70% yield. The Fe(CO)(3) unit both catalyzes the olefin isomerization and stabilizes the alpha,beta-unsaturated ester, which results in the formation of the alpha,beta-ester in a yield far above that (3.5%) observed for simple catalyzed methyl oleate isomerization. The much smaller olefin esters, methyl 3-butenoate and ethyl 4-methyl-4-pentenoate, are isomerized under the same conditions to their alpha,beta-unsaturated esters in 94 and 90% yields, respectively. The effects of reaction conditions on the yield, the use of Fe(CO)(3)(cis-cyclooctene)(2) as a nonphotolytic catalyst, and the mechanism of this useful synthetic process are discussed.

This study analyses the sources of economic growth for three East Asian economies - Japan, Korea and Taiwan - with special emphasis on international spillovers as an explanation of the differential patterns of growth. Three different proxy measures of international spillovers are constructed in the empirical analysis. Explicitly accounting for country-specific differences, both fixed effect and random effect regressions are applied to obtain coefficient estimates. It is found that technology spillovers going beyond geographic boundaries is a significant determinant of GDP growth for the three East Asian economies. Nevertheless, the direction of the spillover effect differs. For Japan and Korea, the empirical findings support the view that international spillovers contribute to GDP growth. International spillovers, however, are found to have dampened Taiwan's GDP growth during the period 1978 to 1992. These results suggest, for economies whose research effort is relatively low, a negative relationship between productivity and international spillovers might be revealed.

The title complex, [PdCl2(C21H20N2)], contains a PdII atom in a slightly distorted square-planar coordination environment defined by two N atoms from one 2,4,6-trimethyl-N-[phen­yl(2-pyrid­yl)methyl­idene]aniline ligand and two Cl atoms, forming a five-membered ring (N—Pd—N—C—C).