Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat inventarisasi database antioksidan alami dalam level molekuler dari tanaman jamblang (Syzygium cumini) dengan pendekatan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) sehingga dapat dijadikan dasar pengembangan S. cumini sebagai antioksidan alami alternatif untuk mencegah kerusakan sel, kanker dan menurunkan kejadian penyakit degeneratif. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada S. cumini sebagai salah satu tanaman berkhasiat obat yang sudah mulai diteliti dalam khasiatnya sebagai tanaman yang mengandung senyawa bioaktif. Kehadiran teknologi GCMS ditengah belum adanya database tanaman jamblang merupakan peluang alternatif untuk memperoleh metabolom. Database metabolom pada jamblang penting dimiliki untuk menjaga plasma nutfah dari ekploitasi berlebihan yang menyebabkan kepunahan organisme dan budidaya tanaman tersebut. Dengan adanya penelitian inventarisasi level molekuler senyawa antioksidan yang dikandung tanaman jamblang dapat meningkatkan aktivitas penelitian lanjut pemanfaatan tanaman jamblang yang bisa ditingkatkan dalam skala industri nantinya. Untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan tahapan penelitian sebagai berikut, pada tahap awal dilakukan isolasi metabolom dari kulit buah tanaman jamblang dengan cara ekstraksi. Tahap kedua adalah metabolome analysis menggunakan GCMS. Keluaran dari penelitian ini adalah diperolehnya data tentang hasil GCMS yang memuat senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung pada kulit buah tanaman jamblang yang akan menjadi landasan pengembangan pemanfaatan kulit buah jamblang sebagai antioksidan alternatif pencegah penyakit degenerasi. Pada penelitian selanjutnya perlu dilakukan analisis yang sama pada bagian tanaman jamblang lain untuk melengkapi database yang sudah ada.This research aims to create an antioxidant inventory databases of the Jamblang (Syzygium cumini) plant by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) approach.  This database can be used as the basis for the development of S. cumini as an alternative natural antioxidant to prevent cell damage, cancer and reduce disease incidence degenerative. This research is focused on S. cumini as one of the medicinal plants that have been studied in its usefulness as a plant containing the bioactive compound. The presence of GCMS technology amid the absence of Jamblang plant database is an alternative opportunity to obtain metabolome. The metabolome database in jamblang is important to keep the germplasm from excessive exploitation causing the extinction of the organism and the cultivation of the plant. Molecular level inventory of antioxidant compounds contained jamblang plants can increase research activities further utilization of jamblang plants that can be increased in the industrial scale later. To answer the purpose of this research carried out the following stages of research, in the early stages of metabolome isolation from the skin of jamblang fruit by way of extraction. The second stage is the metabolome analysis using GCMS. The output of this research is to obtain data about GCMS results that bioactive compounds contained in jamblang fruit skin that will become the foundation of the development of jamblang fruit skin as alternative antioxidant prevention of degeneration disease. In the next research needs to be done the same analysis on the jamblang plant to complete the existing database

Buasbuas (Premna pubescens) is a plant that is traditionally known to have medicinal properties. This study aims to determine the content of bioactive compounds contained in the petiole by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (GCMS) method. Preparation of ethanol extract of petiole using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. The study used gas chromatographic tools and mass spectra which were evaluated using MASSLAB program. The data obtained from the GCMS machine is then analyzed using the NCBI database pubchem software (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The results of this study indicate that the content of bioactive compounds on the petioles of buasbuas more than 50 libraries contains about 150 species of compounds with a range of RT and% area respectively 4.684 to 28.155 and 0.16 to 15.56%. The content of bioactive compounds shown this data indicates that very large potential of buasbuas plants to be explored and exploitation as a nutritious plant. The results of this study can be used as the foundation in the development program of the potential utilization of bioassemblance of buasbuas plants. In further research it is necessary to analyze the other parts of the plant and make comparisons to complete the available databases.

Moringa oleifera (MO) is traditional medicine with variety biological activities. M. oleifera as anticancer agent is due to its low toxicity to normal cells and high toxicity to cancer cells. This research aims was to evaluate the M. oleifera leaf extract (MOE) anticancer activities against lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549) and its toxicity on normal breast human cells (MCF-12A). The evaluation includes viability assay, intracellular ROS detection, apoptosis detection, and cells senescence detection assay. The viability assay was conducted using MTS cytotoxicity assay, and the senescence assay was carried out by Senescence Associated-β-Galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining. ROS and apoptosis detection assay were determined by flow cytometry using DCFDA staining for ROS detection and PI/Annexin-V staining for apoptosis assay. The results reveal that MOE have higher toxicity against A549 cell lines with IC50 1062.87 µg/mL compared to MCF-12A cell lines with IC50 1424.04 µg/mL. The MOE induces ROS levels up to 89.71±0.58 % in MOE 1000 µg/mL treatment. Furthermore, 15.32±0.33 % cells were late apoptosis and 48.69±0.10 % cells were necrosis after 24 h treatment by MOE 1000 µg/mL. The ability of MOE 1000 µg/mL to trigger senescence was higher in A549 cells (25.04±2.9 %) compared to MCF-12A cells (12.48±4.6). The results indicate that the MOE have higher toxicity against cancer cells compared than normal cells, and MOE can kill cancer cells through generating intracellular ROS levels, inducing apoptosis and triggering senescence in A549 cell lines.

Abstrak Pupuk dan pestisida kimiawi merupakan hal penting pada sistem budidaya tetapi jika  penggunaannya berlebih dapat meningkatkan kandungan logam berat kadmium  (Cd) dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertumbuhan tanaman kentang (Solanum  tuberosum L.) pada tanah yang terakumulasi logam berat kadmium. Sampel tanaman berasal dari lokasi pertanian kentang Pangalengan Jawa Barat. Parameter yang diukur yaitu kandungan klorofil, biomassa, kandungan logam kadmium dalam tanah dan umbi kentang. Kandungan kadmium dalam sampel tanah dan umbi kentang diukur dengan menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan kadmiumpada lahan pertanian kentang telah melebihi ambang batas. Kadmium terakumulasi dalam umbi kentang, tetapi masih berada di bawah ambang batas. Klorofil, berat kering, dan berat basah mengalami kenaikan setiap minggunya (4-10 Minggu Setelah Tanam). Adanya logam kadmium  yang diserap oleh tanaman kentang dapat menghambat pembentukan  klorofil sehingga akan mempengaruhi biomassa tanaman. Kata kunci: klorofil, biomassa, kentang, kadmium Abstract Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are important in the culture system but if the excessive usage may increase the content of heavy metals cadmium ( Cd ) in the soil. This study aims to analyze the growth of the potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) on the ground that accumulate heavy metals cadmium. Plant samples derived from potato farming locations Pangalengan West Java.The parameters are chlorophyll content, biomass, cadmium  content in soil and potato tubers. The content of cadmium in soil and potato tuber samples were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed cadmium content in potato farms has exceeded the threshold. Cadmium accumulates in potato tubers, but still below the threshold. Chlorophyll, dry and fresh weight increase every week (4-10 Weeks After Planting). The presence of the metal cadmium is absorbed by the potato can inhibit the formation of chlorophyll that will affect plant biomass . Keywords: chlorophyll, biomass, potatoes, cadmium

Abstrak   Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai hubungan kekerabatan pada delapan kultivar talas (Colocasia esculenta) berdasarkan karakter morfologi organ vegetatif. Kultivar-kultivar tersebut yakni talas kaliurang, burkok, bentul, bogor, sutra, kudo, lampung dan semir. Total karakter yang diamati berjumlah 35 karakter. Karakter-karakter tersebut kemudian dibuat skoring. Hasil skoring dianalisis dengan metode UPGMA (Unwight Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average) menggunakan program komputer PAUP versi 4.0b10 sehingga terbentuk fenogram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi morfologi organ vegetatif yang cukup tinggi. Dari seluruh karakter, hanya lima karakter yang tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan. Karakter tersebut yaitu bentuk daun dan ujung daun, rasio panjang terhadap lebar daun, pola tepi pelepah dan posisi dominan bentuk helai daun tua. Dari fenogram diketahui bahwa seluruh kultivar yang diamati membentuk dua kelompok utama. Kelompok pertama terdiri dari kaliurang, burkok, bentul, bogor, lampung dan sutra, yang membentuk tiga subkelompok. Kelompok kedua terdiri dari kudo dan semir. Hasil analisis fenetik menunjukkan kultivar bogor dan lampung merupakan dua kultivar yang sangat dekat hubungan kekerabatannya dengan nilai kesamaan sebesar 80%. Kata kunci : Colocasia esculenta, fenetik, kultivar, organ vegetatif Abstract This research was conducted to find out relationship on eight cultivars of taro (Colocasia esculanta) based on vegetative morphological characters. They were kaliurang, burkok, bentul, bogor, sutra, kudo, lampung and semir. Total characters observed were 35 characters and the scoring  was also performed. In order to form a phenogram, the scoring then were analyzed using computer software PAUP version 4.0b10, the UPGMA method (Unwight Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average). Results showed that morphological variation of vegetative characters are quite high. Of all the characters, only five characters that indicated any significant differences. These characters were leaves shape, leaves tip shape, length-width leaves ratio, midrib leaves, and dominant position of the old leaves. From the phenogram, it was known that all cultivars observed were form into two main groups. The first group consists of kaliurang, burkok, bentul, bogor, lampung and sutra, which formed three subgroups. The second group consists of kudo and semir. The results of the phenetic analysis showed the cultivar bogor and lampung are two cultivars that are very close relationship ties with the similarity value of 80%. Keywords : Colocasia esculenta , phenetic, cultivars, vegetative