Kandungan daun seledri memiliki manfaat antara lain menurunkan tekanan darah (hipertensi), memperlancar pengeluaran urin, dan rheumatik. Salah satu kandungan daun seledri yaitu flavonoid. Flavonoid merupakan salah satu golongan fenol alam yang terbesar jumlahnya. Tumbuhan yang mengandung flavonoid dapat digunakan untuk antioksidan, anti hipertensi, dan anti inflamasi.Pada penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan ekstrak digunakan metode refluks dengan etanol 96% sebagai pelarut. Pada uji identifikasi yang digunakan meliputi uji pewarnaan dengan NaOH dan H2SO4, uji KLT, dan uji Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan kuersetin sebagai larutan bakunya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya senyawa flavonoid pada ekstrak daun seledri (Apium graveolens L.). Hasil refluks ditandai adanya perubahan warna menjadi kuning ketika ditetesi NaOH 10 % dan perubahan warna menjadi merah bata ketika ditetesi H2SO4 (pekat). Nilai rata-rata Rf sampel yang didapat 0,84 cm nilai ini mendekati nilai Rf standar yaitu 0,88 cm. Kadar rata-rata flavonoid yang diperoleh dari ekstrak sampel 5 µl sebesar 16mg/100 g sampel, pada sampel 10 µl diperoleh kadar rata-rata sebesar 20,79 mg/100 g sampel, dan pada sampel20µl diperoleh kadar rata-rata sebesar 22,47mg/100 g sampel, serta pada sampel 25µl diperoleh kadar rata-rata sebesar 24,71mg/100 g sampel. Kata Kunci: Daun Seledri, Flavonoid, Refluks, KLT, Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
ABSTRAK Budidaya ikan lele merupakan suatu usaha yang menjanjikan untuk digeluti waktu sekarang, kebutuhan akan ikan yang tinggi dipasaran, membuat terbuka kesempatan untuk berwirausaha di sektor peternakan ikan. Ikan lele yang mudah dikembangkan merupakan salah satu faktor pendukung untuk kemajuan budidaya ikan lele, namun pemberian makan yang tidak tepat waktu bisa jadi penghambat untuk pertumbuhan lele. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu ingin membuat sebuah alat yang dapat memberikan pakan secara otomatis dan memonitoring ketersediaan pakan dari mana saja menggunakan smartphone. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan board Wemos D1 Mini sebagai pengendali dari sistem ini, yang ditambah dengan modul RTC yang dapat membaca waktu untuk penjadwalan pakan, sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 yang dapat mendeteksi jarak untuk memonitoring ketersediaan pakan, motor servo yang dapat bergerak untuk membuka dan menutup tempat pakan, buzzer yang berbunyi ketika sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 mendeteksi bahwa pakan akan habis, dan juga Telegram sebagai platform yang mendukung IoT pada board Wemos D1 Mini. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu berupa alat untuk memonitoring dan memberikan pakan otomatis. Wemos D1 Mini akan mengirimkan pesan notifikasi jika ikan sudah diberimakan dan juga akan mengirimkan pesan peringatan jika pakan dalam tempat pakan akan habis. Selain itu ketersediaan pakan juga dapat di cek melalui telegram, ketika melakukan pengecekan pakan dengan mengirim pesan dari telegram maka akan mengirimkan pesan ketersedian pakan untuk beberapa hari. Kata Kunci : Monitoring, Telegram, Wemos D1 Mini, Modul RTC, Sensor Ultrasonik HC-SR04.
Biogas has been recognized as a clean and renewable form of energy that is produced from biodegradable organic materials via an anaerobic digestion. In fact, biogas has been well expected to substitute current conventional sources of energy. The main composition of biogas includes methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), which is accompanied by different contaminants in varied quantities such as ammonia (NH3), water vapour (H2O), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), methyl siloxanes, nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), halogenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons. Biogas has been widely utilized as either engine fuel or starting material for chemicals, hydrogen and/or synthesis gas productions. For certain applications, a certain purity degree of biogas is required. Technically, the presence of trace components in biogas has been known to negatively affect engine performance. Therefore, a removal of contaminants, particularly H2S and CO2, is expected to significantly improve biogas quality, thus enhancing its performance in various applications. Besides, the removal is performed to meet standardized gas specifications for its usage as vehicle fuel or being injected into a natural gas grid. In practices, different methods for biogas cleaning and upgrading have been recognized, in which differ in terms of functions, efficiency, and required quality of input gas. This study, therefore, aims at reviewing various H2S removal-based biogas cleaning techniques during and after digestion process.
<p><strong><em>Purpose</em></strong><em> - The purpose of this paper is to find out the effect of Financial Ratio on Financial Distress using Z-Score Altman method.</em></p><p><strong><em>Design/Methodology/approach</em></strong><em> - This paper uses data from 21 property and real estate companies listed in BEI period 2014-2018 with 105 data observations. The variables used are ROE (Return On Equity), DER (Debt to Equity Ratio), CR (Current Ratio), WCR (Working Capital Ratio) and Z-Score.</em></p><p><strong><em>Findings </em></strong><em>- The results show that ROE and WCR have a positive significant effect on Z-Score Altman's financial distress, DER and CR have negative significant effect on Z-Score Altman's financial distress. While simultaneously shows that at least one variable have a significant effect on Z-Score Altman financial distress.</em></p><p><em>The financial condition of companies in the real estate sector has worsened over the years, marked by the increasing number of companies that were in financial distress from 5 companies in 2014 to 9 companies in 2018. Likewise with companies in the financial condition of gray areas from 8 companies in 2014 became 9 companies in 2018. While companies with a healthy financial condition decreased from 8 companies in 2014 to 3 companies in 2018.</em></p><p><strong><em>Research limitation/implications</em></strong><em> - The sample is small, and consequently, findings may not be generalisable to the population.</em></p><p><strong><em>Originality/value</em></strong><em> - This paper aims to obtain empirical evidence of how financial ratios affect financial distress and also the exposure of financial distress probabilities to real estate companies that are used as research samples.</em></p>
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