Purpose Era Disruption 4.0 demands development in the management of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) by using application-based intervention that can facilitate nursing intervention. The aim was to evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus calendar app as a Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) program on self-efficacy, HbA1c levels, lipid profile, and insulin in adult type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods It was randomized experimental designsimple random sampling used with a total sample of 30 respondents. The instruments used diabetes management self-efficacy scales and standard of operational procedure blood sampling. The statistical tests used were a Paired t-test, Wilcoxon, and an Independent t-test. Results DSME with an Android-based DM calendar affected self-efficacy (p < 0.001), HbA1c levels (p = 0.005), cholesterol (p = 0.009), triglyceride (p = 0.000), HDL-c (p = 0.048), LDL-c (p = 0.010), and insulin (p = 0.000) compared with the control group. Education with these electronic media has increased the perception of self-efficacy and improved the behavior of good self-management that can be seen from changes in controlled HbA1c level, lipid profile and insulin. Conclusion The results of this study can be used as a reference for providing educational experimental in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

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Objectives This study aimed to examine the effect of the application of a self-care model to improve self-care agency (SCA), self-care operation, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods This study employed a pre-experimental design with one pretest-posttest group. Thirty-six respondents were selected through total sampling. The experimental group was provided self-care management training, followed by four weekly home visits. Self-care agency was measured with the self-care agency scale, the other variables through self-rated abilities on the health practices scale and Lupus quality inventory. Data were analysed using paired t -tests with α < 0.05. Results SLE was common in actively working married women of childbearing age, most of whom had had SLE for 1–2 years (33.3%), with arthritis being the most common symptom (reported by 61.1%). The major flare trigger factor was physical stress (66.7%), resulting in fatigue. On average, the self-care model was able to improve SCA by 19.93%, self-care operation by 17.53%, and QoL by 12.19%. It was significantly effective in enhancing SCA, self-care operation, and QoL in patients with SLE ( p < 0.001). Conclusions The application of Orem's self-care model is effective in improving SCA, self-care, and QoL, and this study provides evidence of the benefits of its use in the nursing care of patients with SLE in a community setting. Health care providers should incorporate Orem's self-care model in nursing care to enhance SCA, self-care, and QoL in patients with SLE.

Background: Stroke patients often suffer from depression, a mental disorder that worsens their condition and slows down the recovery process. Depression is the leading cause of functional disability due to inability to cope with daily stressors and to function independently in their activities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between depression and functional disability levels in post-stroke patients. Design and Methods: This is an analytic observational research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in exam consisted of all 4-12 week post-stroke patient in the hospital (about 139 patients). The study focused on 104 respondents, who were selected using simple random sampling techniques. Results: The results show that 62.5% stroke patients suffered mild depressive episodes after the stroke while 58.7% experienced mild disabilities. Analysis results using the Pearson Product Moment Test obtained P=0,000. This shows there is a relationship between the level of depression and the degree of functional disability in post-stroke patients. Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the levels of post-stroke depression and the functional disability. Families are expected to provide a safe, supportive, and comfortable environment to lessen the level of depression.

Pengetahuan sangat penting dalam mengembangkan diabetes self-management untuk mencegah resiko komplikasi jangka panjang dengan diet yang ketat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan diabetes self-management dengan tingkat stress pasien diabetes melitus yang menjalani diet. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Jumlah total sampel didapatkan sebesar 106 responden dengan multistage sampling, Kriteria inklusi meliputi pasien DM <5 tahun dengan rentang usia 35-55 tahun, tidak menggunakan insulin injeksi, Pasien DM masih berkeluarga dan tinggal dengan keluarganya. Data didapatkan dengan kuesioner Knowledge of Diabetic Diet Questionnaire, Self-Management Dietary Behaviors Questionnaire, dan tingkat stress menjalani diet. Kemudian dianalisis dengan uji Spearman test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan (p=0,049; r=-0,192) dan diabetes self-management (p=0,000; r=-0,341) memiliki hubungan terhadap tingkat stress saat menjalani diet. Diabetes self-management memiliki hubungan yang sangat kuat dari pada tingkat pengetahuan terhadap tingkat stress pasien diabetes yang menjalani diet. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan bisa menggunakan responden dengan wilayah yang lebih luas dan serta mengembangkan intervensi yang lebih baik untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang diet pada pasien diabetes melitus. Kata Kunci: diabetes melitus, diet, self-management, tingkat stres Abstract The correlation between knowledge level and diabetes self-management towards stress level of patients DM with diet. Knowledge is very important in developing diabetes self-management to prevent the risk of long-term complications with a strict diet. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and diabetes self-management with stress levels of people with diabetes mellitus who went on a diet. This study uses a cross-sectional design. The total samples obtained were 106 respondents with multistage sampling, inclusion criteria included patients with DM <5 years with a range of ages 35-55 years, did not use insulin injection, DM patients were still married and lived with their families. Data are obtained with questionnaire of Knowledge of Diabetic Diet Questionnaire (KDDQ), a Self-Management Dietary Behaviors Questionnaire (SMDBQ), and a stress level on a diet. Data analyzed by the Spearman Rho. The results showed that the level of knowledge (p=0.049; r=-0.192) and diabetes self-management (p=0,000; r=-0,341) had a relationship to stress levels while on a diet. Diabetes self-management has a very strong relationship to the level of knowledge of the stress level of diabetics with diet. Future studies are expected to be able to use respondents with a wider area and develop better interventions to increase knowledge about diets in people with diabetes mellitus. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, diet, self-management, stress level