Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that influence the application of governance mechanism in family small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach This study used multiple regression analysis to examine the hypothesis. For data collection, questionnaires were distributed to 337 owners and managers of SMEs around 7 districts in Java Island in Indonesia. Findings The result indicates that uncertainty influences the application of formal governance in family SMEs in Indonesia. Meanwhile, asset specificity has impact on both formal and relational governance in the context of firms. Financial and non-financial objectives did not impact both formal and relational governance. Research limitations/implications Though this research was carried out in a particular cultural context, this study was not specifically designed to examine the interaction between cultural variables and family corporate governance variables. In the future, there is need for a study that examines how culture can influence the practice of formal and relational governance in family business. Practical implications The study will give guidance to owners or managers of family business in terms of governance mechanism when uncertainty increases. This evidence suggests that family firms need to adopt formal governance within family firms when uncertainty exists. Social implications The research finding indicated that uncertainty influenced the application of formal governance in family SMEs in Indonesia. This research finding suggests that family firms need to adopt formal governance when uncertainty exists. The adoption of formal governance, however, may implicate to some others organizational areas in family firms such as leadership, recruitment and selection and corporate culture. Originality/value This study is one of the few on family SMEs, which applied the transaction cost theory. Most of the studies use agency theory for investigating governance mechanism in the family business. This study is one of the few on family SMEs, which applied the transaction cost. This study provides an explanation about a factor that influences a family firm to choose formal and relational governance within the firm.

This study aims to determine the effect of online social media and offline promotional media on the selection of skincare product brands and beauty clinics. The data used in this study were primary data and sample selection in this study uses a non-probability sampling approach with purposive sampling technique. The sample used was 300 respondents. Data analysis methods in this study include validity test, reliability test, classic assumption test, multiple linear regression test, hypothesis test. The results of this study indicate that (1) online social media has a significant effect on the selection of skincare product brands (2) online social media has a significant effect on beauty clinic selection (3) offline promotional media has a significant effect on skincare product brand selection (4) offline promotional media influences significant to the selection of beauty clinics (5) online social media is more effective than offline promotion media on the selection of skincare products and beauty clinics.

Abstract:The objective of the research is to examine the relationship between perception of local and foreign brand toward quality product and price dimension. In order to investigate the perception toward local and foreign branding, this study used hedonic and utilitarian product. This research used questionnaire to obtain the data. One hundred samples through convinience sampling were used in this research. The result indicate that foreign brand was high score in the perception of quality and price. The study also found that there was significance differences of perception of price among local and foreign brand.

The objectives of this research is to examine the impact of service recovery toward trust, and customer loyalty. To look at the connection between service recovery and customer loyalty this research used justice perspective that included procedural justice, interactional justice and distributive justice. The setting of this research was information technology business. The research was conducted in area of Surakarta regency with the customer phone operator as research respondent. This research used convinience sampling and employed 150 respondent that grouped by complaint and non-complaint customer. Regression analysis  was used in this research to analyse the data. Research indicated that procedural justice have significant impact toward customer satisfaction. In contrast, distributive and interactional justive did not significant impact toward customer satisfaction. This research also found that trust and customer satisfaction significantly impact toward trust and customer loyalty. In addition, this result found that non-complaint respondent were more trust and  loyalty than  customer who complaint to service which provided by phone operator. This indicated that service recovery did not enable to recover service failure.

This study analyzes the effect of country of origin and brand image on purchnase intension through perceived quality as an intervening variable. The research setting was on Skin cares and Beauty clinic Industry. This research used incidental sampling as a sampling technique. This study involved 300 respondents which acces the online questionnaires through google form. The data obtained were processed used descriptive analysis and SEM analysis with SmartPLS.  The results indicate that the country of origin positively effect on perceived quality. Meanwhile, the country of origin variable did not affect on purchase intension. The brand image variable has a positively impact on the perceived quality variable. Brand image has a positive effect on intension to buy. The perceived quality positively effects on intension to buy. Ccountry of origin indirectly effect on intension to buy through perceived quality. Brand image has an indirect effect on intension to buy through perceived quality as an intervening variable