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Background: The World Health Organization defines “Accidents as an unexpected and an unintended event causing physical and mental injuries.” In many developing countries, injuries due to accidents are one of the major causes of deaths among under-five children. In India, 15%–20% deaths among children are due to injury according to the National Crime Bureau. Objectives: To determine the frequency and prevalence of accidents among the under-five children and to identify the risk factors associated with accidents. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted using probability proportionate to size sampling technique in the urban field practice area of JSS Medical College, Mysuru. Based on the reported prevalence of 46.3% of childhood injuries, a total sample size of 438 was obtained. Data related to sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, and injury profile were collected by interviewing parents who had children less than 5 years. Analysis was done using SPSS V.25. Results: Majority (60.8%) of the caretakers had male children. The prevalence of accidents among under-five was 22.1%. Fall (68%) was the common type of accident. 55.7% of the under-five children received the treatment from allopathic system of medicine. Education level and stress among the caretakers showed statistically significant association with the occurrence of accidents. Conclusion: This study revealed the prevalence of domestic accidents among under-five as 22.1%. Caretakers are failing their responsibility of caring their children due to lack of education among them.

Background: Children spend about 8-9 hours per day in schools. Hence, it is important to provide them with good physical, mental and social environment. The wellbeing during the childhood has a potential to provide the strong foundation for a positive health in later adulthood. This study was conducted to assess the child friendliness among the high schools in two districts the southern part of Karnataka.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to December 2019 in Mysuru and Chamarajanagara districts of Karnataka. A total of 23 schools were purposively selected for the study. Data was collected using a self-administered, pre structured questionnaire. The data was represented using numbers and percentages and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the data of urban and rural schools.Results: The median score of child-friendliness recorded among the high schools in Mysuru and Chamarajanagara districts was 215 with an interquartile range of 198 to 228. The score was out of a maximum score of 248. A median score of 217 (interquartile range: 201-231) and 203.5 (interquartile range: 186.25-226.25) was observed among rural and urban school respectively.Conclusions: The child-friendliness was better in rural schools compared to urban schools with a better participation, enrolment and completion, and community support for education in rural schools. Empowering the students to improve their participation in school planning and other activities, encouraging better enrolment and completion, and involving communities, especially parents in improving the school environment will improve the child-friendliness among urban schools.