Background: Suicide is an important and potentially preventable consequence of serious mental disorders of unknown etiology. Gene expression profiling technology provides an unbiased approach to identifying candidate genes for mental disorders. Microarray studies with post-mortem prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's Area 46/10) tissue require larger sample sizes. This study poses the question: to what extent are differentially expressed genes for suicide a diagnostic specific set of genes (bipolar disorder vs. schizophrenia) vs. a shared common pathway?
well. Recent studies demonstrated that about 2.5 million cubic tons of dried tea is manufactured annually, of this total, approximately 20% is consumed in Asian countries including China, Korea and Japan. Some studies have been performed with animal models, mostly with rodents, to get a better understanding of the effects of green tea components on living organisms (Yang and Wang, 1993;Dreosti et al., 1997). Current studies informed that green tea and catechins, the main components of green tea, have many physiological and biochemical functions including antioxidant and antimutagenic effects (Yen and Chen, 1995;Kuroda and Tomita, 1999). Grimble (1998) reported that green tea had effects to reduce the serum and liver cholesterol levels in the rat. Yamane et al. (1999) reported that green tea extracts included in the diet improved egg quality profiles in a short-term experiment. Also in a longterm feeding study of green tea powder for laying hens had favorable effects on egg quality traits such as thick albumen stability without adverse effect on laying performance (Biswas et al., 2000). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of green tea powder on laying performance and egg composition of layers as a reference to recommend the optimum dietary level of green tea powder for egg-laying hens.
Background
Antheraea yamamai, also known as the Japanese oak silk moth, is a wild species of silk moth. Silk produced by A. yamamai, referred to as tensan silk, shows different characteristics such as thickness, compressive elasticity, and chemical resistance compared with common silk produced from the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori. Its unique characteristics have led to its use in many research fields including biotechnology and medical science, and the scientific as well as economic importance of the wild silk moth continues to gradually increase. However, no genomic information for the wild silk moth, including A. yamamai, is currently available.FindingsIn order to construct the A. yamamai genome, a total of 147G base pairs using Illumina and Pacbio sequencing platforms were generated, providing 210-fold coverage based on the 700-Mb estimated genome size of A. yamamai. The assembled genome of A. yamamai was 656 Mb (>2 kb) with 3675 scaffolds, and the N50 length of assembly was 739 Kb with a 34.07% GC ratio. Identified repeat elements covered 37.33% of the total genome, and the completeness of the constructed genome assembly was estimated to be 96.7% by Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs v2 analysis. A total of 15 481 genes were identified using Evidence Modeler based on the gene prediction results obtained from 3 different methods (ab initio, RNA-seq-based, known-gene-based) and manual curation.ConclusionsHere we present the genome sequence of A. yamamai, the first genome sequence of the wild silk moth. These results provide valuable genomic information, which will help enrich our understanding of the molecular mechanisms relating to not only specific phenotypes such as wild silk itself but also the genomic evolution of Saturniidae.
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