Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the hwa-byung, self-perceived health, life-stress, social support, depression, and factors affecting on suicidal ideation in community dwelling elders. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The subjects were 165 elderly in I city. The data was collected from November 21 st to December 5 th of 2014 by using structured questionnaire. T-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were performed by SPSS/PC 17.0. Results: There were more females than males in hwa-byung (t=.−3.068, p=.003). In the visit parent, more than once a month was a significantly higher in social support (t=.3.333, p=.001). Hwa-byung (t=.−2.577, p=.011), life-stress (t=.−3.800, p=.001), depression (t=.−2.776, p=.006), and suicidal ideation (t=.−4.316, p＜.001) were shown to be high in the elders with lower level of living. Subjects with health insurance had high self-perceived health (t=−3.800, p=.001) and low hwa-byung (t=− 4.102, p＜.001), life-stress (t=−4.482, p＜.001), depression (t=−5.296, p＜.001), and suicidal ideation (t=.−2.152, p=.036), according to the type of insurance. In the correlation, sleeping hours (r=−.180, p=.020), self-perceived health (r=−.364, p＜.001), and suicidal ideation had negative correlation; hwa-byung (r=.404, p＜.001), life-stress (r=.300, p＜.001), social support (r=−.310, p＜.001), depression (r=.423, p＜.001) and suicidal ideation had positive correlation. Factors affecting the suicidal ideation in community dwelling elders were depression (β=.42, p＜.001), hwa-byung (β=.23, p=.004), social support (β=−.18, p=.012), and level of living (β=.24, p=.001). Discussion: For the prevention of elderly suicide, it is necessary to care for psychosocial status and solve economic difficulties through social support.