This research succeeded in the prepared of iron oxide NPs using rose plant extract with rust iron extract at 300°C for two hours by simple chemical method. Iron oxide NPs have been developed as an death of antimicrobial as an alternative to toxic chemical drugs to prevent negative effects on human health. Iron oxide NPs were diagnosed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. XRD measurements explained the small crystalline size (61 nm) with (inverse cubic) structure (wustite) for (Fe0.9nO4) NPs at 300°C using rose plant extract. FESEM showed the average grain size of Fe902O NPs (wustite) rose plant extract at 300°C was 79.59 nm. PL spectrum determined a blue shift for the optical near band edge value was 2.75 eV for Fe0.911O NPs (wustite) at 300°C. Iron oxide NPs were applied in antimicrobial for removal of toxic bacterial by diffusion method. The success of this work will open wide new horizons for us in solving the problem of spent iron and how to get rid of it and the manufacture of new nanoparticles in medical treatments.

Semiconductor silver sulphide (Ag2S) thin films were grown on the glass substrate by chemical bath deposition (CBD). Five films deposited at the room temperature in a bath containing an aqueous solution of silver sulphide. The chemically synthesized Ag2S films are annealed at 573K for one hour for the second sample, and two hours for the third sample. The fourth sample exposed to microwave irradiation for one hour, and two hours for the fifth sample. Surface morphology, photocatalytic, optical and structural properties of all Ag2S samples investigated. The optical parameters such as transmittance, absorbance, absorption coefficient and energy bandgap of the films with thermal annealing and expose microwave irradiation presented. Optical measurement shows high absorbance in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) region. The difference in bandgap values of Ag2S samples was located to be in the range of (1.5-2.05) eV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements reflect the existence of polycrystalline, and the scanning electron microscopy images showed that the morphologies of Ag2S thin films have various microspheres. The summary of the samples in is in the annealing Ag2S thin film which exhibits the best photocatalytic application.

Nickel oxide (NiO) microparticles were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in double deionized water and intensively studied using Nd:YAG laser. The obtained sample was examined by X-ray diffraction, XRD measurement which tests the existence of polycrystalline. The structural parameters introduced and surface morphology was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy devices. The optical properties of microparticles in a liquid were investigated through UV-VIS spectroscopy. The CO/CO2 sensing properties of the NiO microstructure sensors were systematically investigated, and the effects of different laser fluencies on the CO/CO2 sensing characteristics were analyzed. XRD measurements reflected the existence of polycrystalline, the optical result shows that The absorption spectra peak centered around 360 nm and a tail extending to the red region (600 nm), the scanning electron microscopy images showed that the morphologies of NiO thin films have microspheres in various. The sample affected by laser fluence 1.9 J/cm2 which exhibits the best sensitivity for CO2 gas.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) were prepared using cellulose extract with 1 M NiCH3 salt by ultrasonic method at 600°C. Prepared NiO NPs were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Filed Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). The XRD results confirmed that prepared NiO NPs are crystalline with face center cubic (FCC) and the crystallite sized was 9 nm. FE-SEM measurements show that the particle size of NiO NPs ranges from 40.19 nm to 73 nm with the nano-ball structure. Photocatalytic activity of NiO NPs has been studied through degradation ratio of methylene blue (MB) dye under different illumination time by UV-light. The degradation ratio of MB dye degradation increased from 40% to 90% when illumination time was increased from 15 to 40min.

(ZnO-CuO)1-x:Fex (x=6,8 and 10%) the thin films (for the same percentage of ZnO-CuO) were deposited on a glass substrate at 300 °C by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis(CSP) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the increasing of Fe leads to decrease the crystalline size. Energy gap values of the doped thin films are larger than undoped thin films. These values are increase with increase of weight ratio doping. The range of energy gap values was within the range (2.6-3.15) eV. The morphological surfaces properties have been studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) which reveals a homogeneous flowers structure of the films.