Abstract-A study of chironomid fauna was carried out in two regions of central Yakutia. Fossilized remnants of head capsules were sampled from shallow layers of the bottom sediments of lakes. Seventy five taxa of chironomids have been determined. Statistical analysis shows that the spatial distribution of chironomid taxa in the study regions is mainly controlled by ions of aluminium and magnesium, mean July temperature, transparency and content of oxygen in water. The obtained results serve as the base for development of a chironomid temperature model used for reconstruction of Holocene and Pleistocene paleotemperatures of the Russian North.

The review shows the definition of morphometric characteristics, water chemical parameters and diatom assemblages of lakes located in the Arctic zone of Yakutia, in catchments of Anabar, Olenek, Lena, Indigirka and Kolyma Rivers. Main amount of these lakes has small water areas and low depth. The lakes are ultra fresh and mainly with neutral pH, characterized by moderate transparency (on average 43 % of a maximum water depth) and increased concentrations of total iron, silicon, phosphate and ammonium ions. More than the half of the lakes are characterized by exceed of the fishery limits in total iron and phosphate concentrations. In most cases, the dominant major ions are hydrocarbonates and calcium. 502 species and subspecies of 92 genera of diatoms have been discovered in the studied lakes. The highest number of species are included in such genera as Eunotia (38 taxa), Pinnularia (33), Nitzschia (30), Navicula (29), Gomphonema (20) and Achnanthes (17). The most broadly occurred species Tabellaria flocculosa, T. fenestrata, Staurosirella pinnata, Staurosira venter, S. construens, Achnanthidium minutissimum and Eunotia praerupta. Diatom assemblages of the lakes are characterized by a rather high diversity and evenness. The Pantle-Buck saprobity index, calculated inferred from known values of indicative significance of diatoms, indicates that most of the lakes have clean water. Water of 16.9 % lakes is moderate polluted.

The relevance of the research issue is explained by the global transition to digital format. Under the conditions of digitalization of all spheres of life, it turned out to be necessary to conduct a digital dialogue between state executive authorities and population. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), being the leading region of the implementation and development of IT technologies in the Far East, has introduced the use of a digital platform to resolve local matters. The paper discusses the experience of the implementation of the Local Initiatives Support Program. The transformation of the program was studied, taking into account the specific features of the republic, the presence of the Arctic territories in it, as well as the use of a digital platform as a tool to improve the implementation of programs.

The results of morphological and genetic analyses of forms/species of the Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (Gmelin, 1789) complex from the Indigirka and Kolyma river basins are presented in the context of there being recent postglacial speciation events. It has been found that the studied whitefishes belong to the sparsely rakered and low lateral-line forms and have previously been described as Coregonus lavaretus pidschian n. jucagiricus Drjagin (Berg), 1932. Based on these characters, this whitefish does not differ from most Arctic whitefish populations (in particular from Coregonus lavaretus glacialis Kirillov, 1972). Analysis of variability of the ND1 gene (mtDNA) showed that whitefishes from the Indigirka and Kolyma basins belong to a distant phylogenetic lineage, which is significantly different from all previously studied whitefish lineages from the Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Anadyr, and Amur river basins. Analysis of variability of the ITS1 fragment (nDNA) showed that all studied forms/species (from Ob River to Amur River basins), including C. l. pidschian n. jucagiricus, have a tandem arrangement of two identical nucleotide fragments and very similar nucleotide composition of the ITS1 region. Based on contemporary data, this phylogenetic lineage of the C. pidschian complex could be considered a young postglacial allopatric species.

В работе приведено описание основных морфометрических характеристик 83 озер, расположенных на арктических территориях Якутии в бассейнах рек Анабар, Оленек, Лена, Индигирка и Колыма. Рассмотренные параметры варьируются в широких пределах и не проявляют закономерных изменений в зависимости от характеристик местоположения водных объектов (от географических координат и принадлежности природным зонам), поэтому определяющими признаками, лежащими в основе объединения водоемов в группы, стали особенности их генезиса и соответствующие им морфогенетические типы. Исследуемые водные объекты принадлежат водно-эрозионному, эрозионно-термокарстовому, дельтовому, нагорно-плоскогорному и термокарстовому морфогенетическим типам и обладают очень малой (58 % озер), средней (23 %) и малой глубиной (19 %). Основная масса озер (64 %) характеризуется формой зеркала, близкой к округлой, по значениям площади является озерками (42 %) и очень малыми водоемами (40 %). Водно-эрозионные озера выделяются «удлиненностью» форм и высоким показателем развития береговой линии; эрозионно-термокарстовые обладают наибольшими значениями максимальной глубины; нагорно-плоскогорные -самыми большими площадями зеркала и объемами водной массы; термокарстовые -наименьшими размерами. Дельтовые озера по отдельным характеристикам проявляют высокое сходство с водно-эрозионными, эрозионно-термокарстовыми или термокарстовыми водоемами. Сопоставление размеров водной поверхности озер Севера и водоемов соответствующих типов других частей Якутии позволяет назвать обследованные водные объекты типичными для региона. Озеро Сутуруоха выделяется наибольшими площадью зеркала и объемом водной массы и может быть отнесено к категории крупнейших водоемов Якутии.