The humoral immune response to flaviviruses is mainly directed to the major envelope protein, E, and a glycosylated non-structural protein, NS1. Cellmediated immune responses, however, appear to be directed mainly against non-structural proteins. Experiments described here show that a defective recombinant adenovirus (Rad51) containing the gene encoding the NS1 protein of tick-borne encephalitis virus can induce a strong protective immune response against several pathogenic tickborne flaviviruses in an experimental animal model, and can enhance the efficacy of conventional vaccine

pH-dependent fusion of TBE virus with artificial membranes was effective at slightly acidic pH with maximum at 6.4. The influence of various changes in E protein conformation on fusion process was studied.

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