The article is devoted to the research of possibility of preventive influence of antioxidants, feed additives of humic nature on the state of the erythrocytic system under the influence of combined water-immobilization stress. The animals were divided into five groups of 6 animals each: І -the group of intact animals (control); І-V -experimental groups. The animals of all experimental groups were added «Humilid» feed supplement orally (5 mg/kg of body weight per active ingredient), each animal individually with the help of a probe for 18 days, «Eco-Impulse Animal» (2.5 mg/kg of body weight), water and vitamin E (50 mg/kg of body weight). In the later period the animals of ІІ, ІІІ, ІV and V group were conditioned under stress simulation. The blood was analyzed by the number of erythrocytes, erythrocyte content, hematocrit, color index and calculated erythrocytic coefficients. It was established that in animals of group II, after the effect of combined water-immobilization stress, there is a significant decrease in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin content and the percentage ratio of formed blood elements is changing. The indices in animals received before the stress period of adding «Humilid», «Eco Impulse Animal» supplements and vitamin E showed no significant deviations from the control values. However, those rats which before the stress period were added «Eco-Impulse Animal» and vitamin E supplements to the diet, showed a significant increase in the average volume of red blood cells (MCV) and the average content of hemoglobin in erythrocyte (MCH). This fact points to the ability of these substances to influence the processes of blood condensation. The comparison of the influence of antioxidants, «Humilid» and «Eco-Impulse Animal» food additives with vitamin E on the hematological parameters of blood in rats indicates the presence of almost similar effect in the studied substances. Еритроцитарна система крові щурів на тлі застосування кормових добавок гумінової природи за комбінованого стресу Л. М. Дяченко, Л. М. Степченко Дніпровський державний аграрно-економічний університет, м. Дніпро, УкраїнаАнотація. Розглянуто можливість превентивного впливу антиоксидантів, кормових добавок гумінової природи на стан еритроцитарної системи за впливу комбінованого водно-іммобілізаційного стресу. Тварин розділили на п'ять груп по 6 тварин: І -група інтактні тварини (контроль); ІІ-V -дослідні групи. Тварини дослідних груп додатково отримували перорально, індивідуально за допомогою зонду протягом 18 діб воду, кормові добавки «Гумілід» (в розрахунку 5 мг/кг маси тіла за діючою речовиною), «Еко Імпульс Animal» (2,5 мг/кг маси тіла) та вітамін Е (50 мг/кг маси тіла). У тварин ІІ, ІІІ, ІV та V груп моделювали стрес. У крові визначали кількість еритроцитів, вміст еритроцитів, гематокрит, кольоровий показник і розраховували еритроцитарні коефіцієнти. Встановили, що у тварин ІІ групи, після впливу комбінованого водно-іммобілізаційного стресу відбувається достовірне зменшення кількості еритроцитів, вмісту гемоглобіну та відсоткове...

Coronary heart disease is one of the major causes of illness and of deaths in Europe, therefore the definition of the signaling pathways involved in cardioprotection represents a challenging goal in order to discover novel pharmacological approaches. One of the mechanisms included in the implementation of signaling methods is proteolysis, so the aim of our study was to study the balance between activity of the proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in the experimental myocardial ischemia of rats and the impact of corvitin (C) and doxycycline (D) on these parameters. Ischemia was induced in Wistar rats by the intraperitoneal injection of epinephrine at a dose of 0.2 mg/100 g of weight during 10 days. All animals were divided into 4 groups: 1 – control (8 rats), 2 – rats with epinephrine-induced myocardial ischemia (EIM, n = 10), 3 – rats, which were entered C after completion of epinephrine injections (n = 10), 4 – rats, which accepted D during 6 days after finishing of epinephrine injections (n = 10). The electrical activity of the heart was recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Activities of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP2, MMP9) were studied by enzyme-zymography, the activity of trypsin-like enzymes (TLE), levels of alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (IP1) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2-МG) in the blood and the heart were determined by spectrophotometric methods. The experimental results suggest that epinephrine injections lead to changes in the ECG typical for ischemic myocardium. The data obtained showed that the protease-іnhіbіtory balance in the blood and in heart was disturbed. Activity of MMP9, proMMP9/2 and level of IP1 increased in blood plasma of rats with EIM, but activities of ММP2, TLE were unchanged in this group. In the heart muscle the activity of MMP2 and level of IP1 increased. Administration of C resulted in the recovery of MMPs level, but disturbed the balance in the system TLE/IP1-α2-МG. Administration of D blocked the activity of MMP9, significantly reduced the activity of MMP2, which testifies the inhibitory effect of this drug on the activity of matrix metalloproteinases. Based on these results, we conclude that definition of protease-inhibitory balance in the blood plasma of patients with coronary artery disease is promising as an additional diagnostic complex and for monitoring of the effectiveness of therapy.

Destruction of malignant cell clones and search for markers of the effectiveness of chemotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancies is an urgent direction of research. The purpose of this paper was to study plasma of patients with various forms of blood tumor, the activity of trypsin-like enzymes, matrix metalloproteinases MMP2 and MMP9, content of α1-proteinase inhibitor and α2-macroglobulin before and after the cytotoxic therapy by anthracycline antibiotics, doxorubicin and daunorubicin. It was established that concentration of inhibitors and activity of trypsin-like enzymes increased in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma against the backdrop of multidirectional changes of proMMP9. Activity of the latter enzyme was reduced to 0,03±0,01 rel. u. in acute myeloid leukemia, and after chemotherapy it increased 7 times. Reducing level of inhibitors and increasing activity of MMP9 were found in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The presence of the correlation between the α2-macroglobulin and gelatinase activity in the treatment indicates that the inhibitor is an important mechanism for storing of gelatinоlytic potential. Balance between proteolysis and antiproteolysis depends on the type of proliferating cells and the course of the disease. Indicators of tissue destruction may be an additional criterion for monitoring the stage of blood tumors and efficacy of treatment.

In response to the action of stress factors of different genesis in a living organism, a cascade of adaptive responses, which can neutralize functional disorders of homeostasis, is triggered. Combining the effects of various stress factors can cause excessive formation and accumulation of active forms of oxygen, which entails a number of pathological conditions that create the preconditions for the development of a large number of diseases. One of the indicators of the development of adaptation and the integral indicator of the body's state is the blood system, especially the leukocytic formula, whose redistribution makes it possible to analyze the nature of the effect and estimate the intensity of adaptive processes in the body due to functions that perform different forms of leukocytes. Leukocyte indices in which the parameters of the leukocyte formula were used, allow assessment of the degree of endogenous intoxication, the development of resistance and the character of cellular immunity for the influence of stress factors on the organism of animals and humans.The article considers the possibility of evaluating the preventive effect of natural antioxidants of humic nature on indices of leukocytes on the organism of rats after the influence of combined water-immobilization stress (WICS). for this, the animals were divided into five groups of 6 animals: 1- group of intact animals (control); 2-5 – experimental groups. Animals of all experimental groups were additionally received orally, individually with the help of a probe for 18 days, water, feed additives "Humilid" (at 5 mg / kg of body weight per active ingredient), "Eco-Impulse Animal" (at a rate of 2.5 mg / kg body weight) and vitamin E (at a rate of 50 mg / kg body weight). In animals, 2, 3, 4 and 5 groups simulated stress. It has been established that the effects of water-immobilization combined stress on blood of rats lead to the growth of cells of the leukocyte series, mainly due to the increase of eosinophils and rod-neutron neutrophils. The use of natural antioxidant, a feed additive "Humilid" in the pre-season period causes a decrease in the number of leukocytes by 41% compared to values in animals that received purified water during this period and did not differ from those in intact animals. The change in leukocyte indexes indicates functional changes in the body and the presence of a neutrophilic shear on the background of WICS in rats. Also, the effect of WICS leads to the release of the younger forms of neutrophils in the bloodstream, an increase in both the percentage of eosinophils and the quantitative. For preventive use of feed additives of humic nature, "Humilid" and "Eco-Impulse Animal" and vitamin E, the studied parameters are close to the values of the control group.