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Objectives To present the main aspects of cardiac involvement in newborn of diabetic mothers (IDMs). Methods: Patients:89 IDMs newborns investigated in the first week of life and 53 of them re evaluated at 6–12 month, by clinical exam, ECG,cardiothoracic radiography (Rx. CT), chocardiography (Echo). Fetal echo:in 38 cases after 28 weeks of gestation. Results Fetal Echo:cardiomegaly and myocardial hypertrophy of LV(11 cases), confirmed by postnatal Echo. Clinical exam:macrosomia (40%), systolic murmur (32), 3 cases with signs of heart failure, the other being asymptomatic or presenting signs for other pathology. ECG: LV hypertrophy (14) and disturbed ventricular repolarization (30). Rx. CT: cardiomegaly (12). Echo: non obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) with asymmetric IVS hypertrophy (42%), arterial pulmonary hypertension (6), LV diastolic dysfunction,normal systolic function (52%), congenital cardiac anomalies (16%). LV myocardial hypertrophy was not significantly correlated with the type of mother’s diabetes, before pregnancy or gestational, but rather to an inadequate control of disease. Control at 6–12 months revealed: normal morphological cardiac aspect (42) or significant reduction of HCMP (11), all normal diastolic and systolic LV function. Conclusions Newborn of diabetic mother presents a high incidence for cardiac involvement: cardiac congenital malformations (16%) or acquired cardiac pathology: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (42%) and disturbances of diastolic function of LV (54%), symptomatic or asymptomatic. Fetal echo provides useful data for diabetic pregnant women. Early cardiologic screening for all of these newborns with or without of cardiac suffering symptoms, especially by echo that is the most sensitive, noninvasive method for initial diagnosis as well as for follow up.

Conclusion Only one CDR developed for children with FN met all methodological standards and reached the highest level of evidence. Background Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a common inherited disorder that is characterised by anaemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly. Clinical severity is variable with most patients having a well-compensated hemolytic anaemia. The primary lesion in HS is loss of membrane surface area, leading to reduced deformability due to defects in the membrane proteins ankyrin, band 3, beta spectrin, alpha spectrin, or protein 4.2. Many isolated mutations have been identified in the genes encoding these membrane proteins; common hereditary spherocytosis-associated mutations have not been identified. The classic laboratory features of HS include minimal or no anaemia, reticulocytosis, an increased mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), spherocytes on the peripheral blood smear, hyperbilirubinemia, and abnormal results on the osmotic fragility test. Aim Of the study is to evaluate the role of MCV, MCHC as a screen test to diagnose spherocytosis Methods In our study are included 60 subjects, 30 children with HS and 30 children-control groups. Our patients with anaemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly are diagnose with HS by incubated osmotic fragility test, performed after incubating RBCs for 18-24 h under sterile conditions at 37°C. Results We found that 25% of pts. have mild HS, 20% moderate HS, 30% moderate to severe HS and 25% severe HS. In peripheral blood smear 7% of pts. had 0-5 spherocites for field, 30% had 5-10 spherocites for field and 63% had 10-15 spherocites for field. 70% of pts. With HS have MCHC > 38%. PS-090 HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS AND RED CELL INDICES MCHC, MCV, RDWThere are a positive correlation between MCHC and spherocites in peripheral blood smear (r = 0,898, p < 0,001) and RDW (r = 0,647, p < 0.001), negative correlation between MCHC and MCV (r = -0,437 p < 0,001) Conclusion The dedication of hiperdense erythrociyte today is used as a new tool in diagnosing HS. The determination of MCHC constantly growing with other red cell index, MCV < 80 fl, RDW > 15 obtained from an electronic cell counter usually is enough to suggest for HS.

Objectives The present the main clinical aspects and diagnostic of cardiac involvement induced by human immunodeficiency virus infection in children. Methods Patients: 51 children (2–16 years) with HIV infection/AIDS in various stages of evolution, with diverse symptoms affecting many organs. Evaluation of patients:clinical, ECG, Chest X ray, echocardiography (echo). Results 60% of patients were included in group P2f clinical staging by clinical exam and CD4 lymphocytes values. Signs of cardiac involvement: heart failure (11 cases), tachycardia (20 cases), deafness of the heart sounds ± gallop rhythm ± systolic murmur of mitral regurgitation (12), dyspneea (14 cases), other non-symptomatic (14) or with signs of others diseases. ECG : disturbances of ventricular repolarisation. Rx. CT: cardiomegaly (30% cases) ± aspects of pulmonary infections. Echo exam: cardiac involvement (66% cases): dilated cardiomyopathy, the most severe changes (14 cases), pericarditis (10), isolated dilation of the left and right ventricle (6), LV diastolic dysfunctional (14 cases), pulmonary hypertension (6). The severity and incidence of cardiac disease was associated with significant reduction of CD4 value < 400/mmc. Hystological exam (28 patients died by pulmonary infections): myocarditis, pericardial and myocardial inflammatory infiltration, necrotic lesions. Conclusion By the high incidence (66% of cases) and severity of clinical manifestations, cardiac suffering during HIV infection/AIDS is one of the most important problems of these patients. Cardiological evaluation of patients is necessary in all the stages of the infection, even non-symptomatic, for the diagnosis and follow-up of evolution. Echocardiography is the most sensitive noninvasive method for highlighting cardiac damage in these patients.

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