Aim. To study the incidence of hemorrhoidal disease in the Udmurt Republic on the basis of statistical data of the coloproctology department at the Budgetary Healthcare Institution “The First Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic”, Izhevsk, for 2018-2020 and a clinical case of a patient with acute hemorrhoids. Materials and methods. The data of 6506 medical records of outpatients and inpatients with diagnoses K64.0-K64.5 were analyzed. The evaluation of the results was carried out according to the following criteria: gender, age composition, region, diagnosis of patients, progression of the disease, type of surgery. A clinical case of a patient with acute hemorrhoids is presented. Results. Among the hospitalized patients, the male population prevailed (57.1%); among the outpatient patients, the female population prevailed (57.5%). Most of the patients were young and middle-aged patients (77% of hospitalized patients, 70.6% of outpatient patients). The urban population comprised 65.1% of hospitalized patients and 59.1% of outpatient patients. A chronic form of the disease was registered in 94.6% of the hospitalized patients and in 92.3% of the outpatient patients. Among all surgical interventions hemorrhoidectomy was conducted in 73.0% of cases. The analysis of the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhoidal disease on the basis of a clinical case with positive results was carried out. Conclusions. According to the data obtained by the department, it can be said that among all patients diagnosed with hemorrhoids, the able-bodied and young, mainly urban population prevails, which indicates the influence of urabanization on the development of hemorrhoidal disease. The disease is equally prevalent in men and women. The chronic form prevails in the structure of the incidence of hemorrhoidal disease. The most commonly used surgical treatment of hemorrhoidal disease is hemorrhoidectomy.

Introduction. In addition to being protective against unwanted pregnancies, combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) can improve health and quality of life of women. The awareness of Russian women about CHCs is 85 %, however, only 13 % of women in Russia have a long-term experience with CHCs. This is why, it is essential to analyse drivers of adherence of young women to CHCs, and the reasons for refusal of them.   Aim. Identification of the reasons affecting adherence to СHС in young women.   Materials and methods. Group 1 consisted of 36 women who have tried using СHС, but stopped taking: 1A (19 women) – up to 1 year, 1B (17 women) – from 1 to 3 years; group 2 – 35 women who have never used СHС.   Results. The level of education in group 2 was significantly lower, patients with secondary general education prevailed. Despite the high awareness of the benefits of СHС, the number of real users of these drugs was only 50.7 %, while half of them used CHС for 9 months on average. The refusal to use СHС in group 2 was motivated by the possible development of side effects, the lack of need for regular contraception, which requires improvement of counseling on using СHС, taking into account the characteristics of the contingent of patients. The reason for the rejection of СHС in groups 1A and 1B, regardless of the duration of use, was side effects in 42.1 and 47.1 % of cases, respectively, which included: headaches, decreased libido; nausea, epigastric pain, intermenstrual spotting, weight gain, emotional lability.   Conclusion. Taking into account the level of education of patients and their needs, high-quality structured counseling when choosing a method of contraception will increase compliance with the use of СHСs, increase the frequency and duration of using СHСs.