The article considers the possibilities of using decarbonization technologies in the production of steel products. The world experience of using advanced technologies is generalized and the possibilities of their application in metallurgical production are presented, taking into account the emissions of carbon dioxide responsible for the greenhouse effect and global warming of the Earth. The directions of research projects in the metallurgical industry, the results and the conclusions that follow from them are presented. Possibilities of application of decarbonization technologies in the process of preparation of charge materials, production of cast iron and steel are shown. It is noted that the trend of decarbonization of steel significantly changes traditional metallurgy. At the same time, the possibilities of modern technologies of metal production do not allow to significantly abandon the use of natural gas and carbon (coal and coke) as a reducing agent and energy source in metallurgical production processes. Possibilities of modern and perspective metallurgical processes concerning production of products with the minimum carbon trace are shown. The problems facing the metallurgy of Ukraine to reduce СО2 emissions and the introduction of technologies for decarbonization of metal production are highlighted. It is shown that for the implementation of steel decarbonization processes it is necessary to take into account the following: the need for structural restructuring of the metallurgical industry; the need for radical modernization of the metallurgical industry through the introduction of fundamentally new energy-saving production technologies; limiting inefficient exports of raw materials and semi-finished products; introduction of "green" steel production technologies; strengthening the role of research in the production of metallurgical products with low carbon footprint; strengthening the interaction of science, enterprises and the state in the implementation of global projects for the production of low-carbon metallurgical products.

Колективна монографія містить широке коло питань розвитку чорної металургії, які розглядаються в контексті теоретичних, економічних та технологічних особливостей сучасного стану та еволюції. Аналізуються підходи та способи забезпечення сталого розвитку гірничо-металургійного комплексу України в умовах світового та вітчизняного виробництва металопродукції, а також відновлення металургії України після її руйнації внаслідок воєнної агресії РФ. Розглянуто сучасні металургійні процеси та інноваційні технології управління сталим розвитком. Представлено методичні розробки щодо аналізу виробництва, моделювання і прогнозу очікуваних перспектив. У кожному розділі наведено цілі та результати досліджень металургійних процесів, а також список рекомендованих бібліографічних посилань. Книга призначена для широкого кола фахівців чорної металургії та суміжних з нею спеціальностей, а також студентів металургійних, економічних і адміністративних профілів вищих навчальних закладів.

The history of the creation of the Iron and Steel Institute is given. It is shown that the creation and establishment of the Institute was determined by the need to develop the country's ferrous metallurgy. The Institute has united groups of metallurgical scientists, scattered in their activities, who worked in various institutes of the country. The program of the Institute, despite its youth, was wide and relevant, which can be explained by the experience, initiative and scale of the activities of the scientists who headed the departments of the institute. The origins of the creation of the scientific themes of the Institute, which covered all the major redistribution of the steel industry, are given. The major scientific developments created by the Institute’s staff for the first time in world and domestic practice, which currently form the basis of world metallurgy, are given. Outstanding scientists of the Institute created quite a few scientific schools, which even today continue to make an invaluable contribution to the development of scientific subjects, the implementation of the results of basic and applied research in metallurgical enterprises. The analysis shows that the strategic direction of development of the domestic metallurgy in the future is an evolutionary change in metallurgical technologies. In this regard, the main areas of scientific and technical support of blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production, heat treatment of rolled products developed at the Institute are given. Examples of modern scientific developments of the Institute are given.

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The article considers the possibility of analyzing the current state and development prospects of the metallurgical industry through the use of a complex indicator of probability. It is shown that the assessment of the state and prospects of the development of metallurgical production is connected with the need to take into account many criteria that have different values and dimensions, since the very concept of the state and prospects is complex and characterized by a large number of private parameters. The use of expert evaluation and logical experiments based on expert evaluations using the data of experimental studies deserves special attention. To solve multi-criteria problems and optimize the operation of complex production systems, in particular, metallurgical production, the generalized Harrington desirability function was used and improved. To move from a dimensionless indicator of this function to an indicator in real cases, an indicator of the probability of an event is introduced. To analyze the state and forecast of the metallurgical industry, 24 parameters characterizing its work have been determined. Possible scenarios and stages of development of ferrous metallurgy were discussed, priority directions for the near, medium and long term were determined. The presented results show that in 2021 the state of Ukrainian ferrous metallurgy can be assessed as "satisfactory" and in 2022 as "very bad" due to the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. However, even in the conditions of martial law, the loss of 60% of metallurgical capacities, constant missile attacks and destroyed logistics, the industry continued to produce products as much as possible. The analysis showed that the post-war years will not be easy for metallurgists and by 2025 the state of the industry should be expected as "satisfactory". The state of MMC of Ukraine can reach the level of "good-very good" by 2050. The conducted theoretical studies allow us to draw a conclusion about the possibility and expediency of using Harrington's desirability function to solve the problem of assessing the achievement of the objectives of the development of the metallurgical industry.