The role of Cyanoprokaryota ecological groups in the ecosystems of the North Azov region was revealed in this work. On the territory of Pryazovskyi National Nature Park, 9 experimental polygons were studied, which covered steppe areas or slopes, salt marshes, coastal sandy soils and water bodies (rivers, lakes, estuaries, sea bays, lagoons). As a result of research on the territory of Pryazovskyi National Nature Park, 124 species of cyanoprokaryotes were identified, which include 127 intraspecific taxa. It was proved that the procedure of canonical correspondence analysis is the most suitable for the analysis of the species matrix. The axes identified as a result of the ordination procedure, which indicate the coordinated dynamics of the species, correlated with both synecological characteristics, such as diversity indicators, and with autoecological characteristics, such as ecotypes of cyanoprokaryotes in relation to habitat types or types of adaptation to salinity conditions. The first four canonical axes together explain 47.5% of species matrix variability. Canonical axis 1 explains 18.0% of the variability of the species matrix and is mostly marked by aqual subaerophytes and eurybionts. This axis indicates the presence of a gradient of salinity conditions where the most saline conditions correspond to the positive values of the axis, and the negative values correspond to less saline. Canonical axis 2 describes 12.1% of species matrix variability. This axis differentiates aquatic ecosystems from others. Canonical axis 3 explains 10.0% of the communities’ variability. This axis distinguishes freshwater ecosystems from saline ecosystems. Markers of freshwater communities are stenotopic halotolerants, which are narrow-range, common mainly in the temperate zone of Europe. The canonical axis 4 explains 7.3% of variability of the matrix of species and is able to differentiate sand ecosystems. The ecotopic structure and geographic range width of community species have the greatest independent value among the considered sources of variation. The independent role of adaptation to the salinity conditions of the ecotope and the role of the type of ecosystems is somewhat smaller. The interaction between the sources of variation is important in the variation of the structure of communities. The interaction between the ecotopic structure and the geographic range width of species and the triple interaction between the ecotopic structure of a community, the width of the geographic range of species and the ecosystem type plays the greatest role in the variation of community structure. Ecotopic groups, which indicate the preference of a particular habitat, correlate with the species composition of the communities. It is shown that the ratio of ecototopic groups in a community is a characteristic that reveals the features of the community as a whole.

Taxonomic ratio in an ecological context is considered as an indicator of the level of competitive exclusion. In spite of more than a century of discussions on taxonomic ratio, the problem of finding an unbiased estimator for flora characterisation remains unsolved. The traditional form of taxonomic ratio (species/genus or species/families ratio) is biased, which depends on the area of territory for which the floral composition was established. This circumstance makes the taxonomic ratio an inadequate characteristic of the flora. To solve the problem of finding an unbiased estimator for the taxonomic ratio, we have combined two fundamental ecological generalisations. The first is that species that belong to the same genus usually live in similar habitats and have similar morphological features. The struggle for life between species from the same genus is, therefore, more intense than between species from different genera. The second is species–area relationship. We have considered the problem of finding an unbiased taxonomic relationship using the Arrhenius curves to fit species–area relationships. This combination allowed us to find a form of unbiased taxonomic relationship. The example of Cyanophyceae flora shows that this indicator is closely related to a wide range of ecological and biogeographical characteristics of vegetation. The residual of the linear equation of dependence of the logarithm of the number of species on the logarithm of the number of genera is an unbiased indicator of the taxonomic relation, which is independent of the number of genera (or number of families) and the sampling size (or area). An unbiased taxonomic relationship is a characteristic of regional flora, which depends on a wide range of its ecological and biogeographical features.

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The north-western coast of the Sea of Azov is a set of natural systems that are characterized by a high level of biological diversity, economic value and have a high recreational potential. The harmonization of nature protection goals, optimization of economic efficiency and maintenance of recreational value are extremely complex scientific and scientific-practical tasks. The development of a strategy for the rational use of nature should be based on the study of natural complexes that are within the protected areas as reference areas. In addition to the role of markers of the level of biological diversity, the objects of the nature reserve fund act as factors of functional stability of natural complexes in general. Therefore, the study of ecological features of Cyanoprokaryota Priazovsky National Nature Park is an important scientific problem. There were 9 experimental landfills on the territory of Priazovsky Park, which covered steppe areas or slopes, salt marshes, coastal sandy soils (bars) and reservoirs (rivers, lakes, estuaries, sea bays, lagoons). As a result of research, 124 species of cyanoprokaryotes were identified, which include 127 intraspecific taxa. According to the systematic structure, the found species of cyanoprokaryotes belong to the class Cyanophyceae Sachs, within which 3 subclasses, 6 orders, 18 families and 33 genera are represented. The subclass Oscillatoriophycidae is the most diverse in terms of the number of species, which includes 62 species, or 49% of the regional flora of cyanoprokaryotes. Fewer species belong to the subclass Synechococcophycidae (38 species). The subclass Nostocophycidae (27 species) is the least diverse in terms of species. Cluster analysis by number of species in subclasses indicates that cenoses can be divided into two groups: steppe groups and salt marshes on the one hand, and groups on sandy soils and water groups on the other. The groups of salt water and sandy soils are the most similar. The number of genus in a family among subclasses is almost constant, equal to 1.8. The saturation of family species is highest for the subclass Synechococcophycidae and is 7.6. For subclasses Nostocophycidae and Oscillatoriophycidae this indicator is almost identical and is 6.8-6.9. The genus coefficient is the largest for the subclass Synechococcophycidae and is 4.2. This figure is lower for Nostocophycidae and is 3.9. For Oscillatoriophycidae, the birth rate is 3.6. Taxonomic diversity of flora at the genus level in terms of the number of taxa is characterized by a stable level, except for freshwater, the flora of Cyanophyceae which is represented by a much smaller number of genera compared to other types of biogeocenoses. According to the Shannon index, diversity increases in the series steppe → salt marsh → psammophytic stations → salt water and decreases sharply in freshwater. According to Pielou, the diversity grows within this range and reaches the highest level in freshwater. Prospects for further research include assessing the systematic nature of the taxonomic stru...

Приведены результаты многолетних исследований приморских солончаков на территории Приазовского национального природного парка: в районе верховья Утлюкского лимана, на берегу озера Сивашик и в центральной части Федотовой косы. Представлены данные о видовом составе Cyanoprokaryota на территории парка, их систематической структуре, ведущих семействах и родах. В результате исследований выявлен 71 вид Cyanoprokaryota, которые относятся к 3 порядкам, 10 семействам и 22 родам. Наибольшее видовое разнообразие отмечено в центральной части Федотовой косы. Среди ведущих семейств доминировали Phormidiaceae, Nostocaceae и Pseudanabaenaceae. Наибольшим количеством видов были представлены роды: