The objective of this study was to understand the proper implementation of the institutional repositories (IRs) as an infrastructure for scholarly communication. The study employed a descriptive-qualitative approach to explore how the IRs are operated in three selected universities in Indonesia. Three types of data collection techniques were used: interviews, observation, and document analysis. Structured interview was used as the main data collection technique. Findings of the study are presented in four main aspects in the implementation of IRs, i.e. development of scientific works; processing or recruitment of scientific works through self-archiving and digitization; promotion of IRs in increasing its visibility; and distribution or dissemination of the local scientific works by libraries. Although all three universities have adopted an open access policy which requires their academic community to make their scholarly works available in the freely accessible IRs, the distribution model differs in terms of the degree of openness. It seems that the value of a repository and open access ideals are quite enough to significantly increase faculty and students participation to populate the IRs. This study is significantly useful for readers, especially in the context of a developing country, to know the crucial position of the IRs as an infrastructure that frames the scholarly communication at universities.

A leader is someone who influences an organization. In such an environment, a library has a leader to achieve its goals. The library of the Islamic University of Indonesia is one of the university libraries located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, which is led by a director with an educational background in library science. This study aimed at investigating disciplinary power exercised by the director. The research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used an in-depth interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis used three analysis stages based on a Miles and Huberman model. In its analysis, Michel Foucault's theory of disciplinary power become the main concept to look at five things, namely panopticism, separation of places, documentation, standardization of judgments, and rewards. The research results show that the form of power is hierarchical supervision. It is in verbal rules regarding working time, staff job description in non-verbal, a separation between the library director's room and division, forms of tardiness and absence, work standards and verbal rewards, and written warnings. Those results may contribute to the leadership in general and to the library of the Islamic University of Indonesia in particular.