In this paper an efficient & robust non-blind watermarking technique based on multi-resolution geometric analysis named curvelet transform is proposed. Curvelet transform represent edges along curve much more efficiently than the wavelet transform and other traditional transforms. The proposed algorithm of embedding watermark in different scales in curvelet domain is implemented and the results are compared using proper metric. The visual quality of watermarked image, efficiency of data hiding and the quality of extracted watermark of curvelet domain embedding techniques with wavelet Domain at different number of decomposition levels are compared. Experimental results show that embedding in curvelet domain yields best visual quality in watermarked image, the quality of extracted watermark, robustness of the watermark and the data hiding efficiency.

In this paper, a semi-blind watermarking technique of embedding the color watermark using curvelet coefficient in RGB cover image has been proposed. The technique used the concept of HVS that the human eyes are not much sensitive to blue color. So the blue color plane of the cover image is used as embedding domain. A bit planes method is also used, the most significant bit (MSB) plane of watermark image is used as embedding information. Selected scale and orientation of the curvelet coefficients of the blue channel in the cover image has been used for embedding the watermark information. All other 0-

A semi-blind and secure watermarking technique for the color image using curvelet domain has been proposed. To make the algorithm secure a Bijection mapping function has been used. The watermark also separated into color planes and each color plane into a bit planes. The most significant bit (MSB) planes of each color used as the embedding information and remaining bit planes are used as a key at the time of extraction. The MSB planes of each color of watermark image embedded into the curvelet coefficients of the blue color plane of the processed cover image. For embedding the MSB bit planes of watermark image in the cover image each curvelet coefficient of blue planes of the processed cover image has been compared with the value of its 8 connected coefficients (neighbors). The results of the watermarking scheme have been analyzed by different quality assessment metric such as PSNR, Correlation Coefficient (CC) and Mean Structure Similarity Index Measure (MSSIM). The experimental results show that the proposed technique gives the good invisibility of watermark, the quality of extracting watermark and robustness against different attacks.

This research work proposes application and implementation of artificial immune system approach to develop an algorithm for optimizing multi objective problems. The objective of this research work is to study, analyze and enhance the artificial immune system approach for developing an algorithm to solve various real life engineering multiobjective optimization problems.