The effect of oryzanol, tocopherols and tocotrienols (tocols) and sterols individually and as combinations of two were analyzed for DPPH radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity. Oryzanol, tocols and sterols were isolated by using column chromatography and then added at known concentrations in stripped RBO. The results showed that tocol added samples are more stable than with oryzanol and sterol as individual additions. Among them T 1 (sample having 0.04% tocols) is more stable than T 2 (sample having 0.08% tocols). Comparing T 1 and T 2 with control oil, T 1 had a peroxide value almost similar to control oil (T 1 , 5.68 mequiv/kg : control oil, 5.52 mequiv/kg) showing the antioxidant activity of tocols even in the absence of other micronutrients. The diene value of both T 1 (4.27) and T 2 (4.03) is lower than control oil (6.14). While analyzing combinations, prevention of oxidation was significantly better for oryzanol and tocols combinations, OT 1 had a peroxide value of 10.57 mequiv/ kg, OT 2 , 10.42 mequiv/kg when compared to the control sample (52.25 mequiv/kg). Similarly the diene value 5.86 (OT 1 ) and 7.1 (OT 2 ), the p-anisidine value 53.8 and 63 for OT 1 and OT 2 , respectively. The DPPH activity of samples T 2 (0.08% tocols) and OT 2 (sample having 0.8% oryzanol ? 0.08% tocols) had a lower IC 50 on the initial day and the IC 50 was lowest for T 1 (0.04% tocols) and OT 1 (sample having 1.6% oryzanol ? 0.04% tocols) on the final day.

No abstract

Ether lipids have biological applications which would dissipated as an important constituent in cell membranes. These are mostly found in animal tissues and rare in plant origin. Alk-1'-enyl ethers are class of ether lipid forming aldehydes on cleavage of ether bonds. The present study enrolled the presence of aldehyde in unsaponifi able matter of rice bran oil (RBO) and hence the identifi cation of source of aldehydes in RBO was conducted. With respect to the earlier reports the investigation turned to major lipid constituents such as triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols etc. Using the column chomatographic method lipid fractions are separated, recolumned, purified and analyzed by spectrochemical methods such as FT-IR, 1 HNMR, 13 CNMR, Mass spectrometry and confirmed the presence of ether lipids. The sn-2 position was confi rmed by enzymatic hydrolysis using pancreatic lipase. Moreover the formation of aldehyde from these ether lipids was also confi rmed by spectrometric methods.

Rice bran oil (RBO) is rich in a variety of bioactive phytochemicals otherwise known as unsaponifiable constituents (USC). Oryzanols, phytosterols, tocols, etc. are the major USC in RBO; the methods presently used for their estimation involve different techniques and require pretreatment of the sample. In this paper standardization of a simple method for simultaneous estimation of USC directly from RBO using HPTLC is presented. The method involves a two-stage separation of USC on a precoated silica gel 60 F(254 )TLC plate viz.: TLC-1 to separate sterols, oryzanols and tocols; TLC-2 to separate steryl esters, wax, and squalene. Calibration plots using the respective standards were made to determine LOD, LOQ, and linear regression equations. Recovery studies were also conducted and the values ranged from 93.45 to 101.97%. The LOD and LOQ values showed the sensitivity of the method. The instrumental precision was found to be in the range of 0.30 to 1.18 CV%. Quantitative estimation of USC in crude RBO and refined RBO using this method gave a concentration of 52.80 mg/g of USC in the crude and 33.48 mg/g in the refined oil. The present method for estimation of USC using HPTLC is fast, simple, accurate, precise, and sensitive, as demonstrated here.

Cellulose is a prominent scaffolding polysaccharide found in plants as micro fibrils which form the structurally strong framework in the cell walls. It has wide variety of uses such as attacking agent, emulsifier, stabilizer etc. Its use can be further enhanced by converting cellulose into cellulose derivatives. One of the most important cellulose derivatives is carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). In the present study, cellulose is converted to CMC thereby preparing CMC – curcumin nanofiber by using electro spinning method. The functional groups identification was done by using UV Visible spectroscopy and FT-IR. Surface structure was analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The antifungal activity was studied against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. . The antibacterial activities also studied for the samples against E.coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus.