The aim of our study was to assess the efficiency of application of biomodified nitrogen fertilizers for barley, to reveal the sources of nitrogen used for biomass formation with the use of the 15N stable isotope, and to study nitrogen flows in the system of fertilizers–soil–plants–atmosphere. We demonstrated in a model experiment the ability of the plant growth-promoting bacteria Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 to move from the granules of mineral fertilizers to plant roots and to colonize them effectively. The effectiveness of biomodified nitrogen fertilizers for barley, Nur variety, was assessed in a microfield trial. After the application of biomodified nitrogen fertilizers, the accumulation of 15N in the plants increased by 2–5 %, its incorporation in the soil decreased and gaseous losses were decreased by 7 % as compared with the use of the usual forms of fertilizers. The application of biomodified nitrogen fertilizers can be used in agricultural practice as a novel technology to regulate nitrogen flows in the system of fertilizers–soil–plants–atmosphere.

No abstract

There were 26 field and micropolish experiments with biological preparations of associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria’ results generalized. Experiences were carried out, yields were recorded, chemical contamination of the spring wheat and agrochemical soil properties were analyzed in accordance with standard methods. The experiences scheme: 1. Р30-90К30-90 (natural level); 2. Natural level + N30; 3. Natural level + biopreparation; 4. Natural level + N30 + biopreparation. The spring wheat seeds were treated by rhyzoargin biopreparation producted in the all – Russian Agricultural Microbiology Research Institute on the basis of stock culture Agrobacterium radiobakter genus. Their use efficiency on spring wheat that was cultivated on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition was determined for the main types of soils that presented at the European part of Russia. It is established that the spring wheat seeds’ inoculation with the biopreparation Rhyzoagrin provides the grain productivity’ increase on the PK-fertilizer’ background: on the black soils – 23%, on the gray forest soils – 14%, on the sod-podzolic soils 13-18%. In the application of the diazotrophs biopreparations the nitrogen utilization from mineral fertilizers is growing in 1.6 times on the Chernozem soils and in 1.2 times on the sod-podzolic soils. Due to the associative nitrogen fixation under the spring wheat 8-10 kg N/ha per year on the sod-podzolic loamy soils and 12 kg N/ha per year on the black soil are accumulated in the European part of Russia.

No abstract

No abstract