Our findings suggest that listeriosis may emerge as an important health threat among newborn infants in Taiwan.

36 white rats were deleted of vitamin B complex while nurslings by suckling the milk of depleted mothers. Another 36 rats nursed by normal mothers served as controls. After the age of 49 days both groups were placed on the same diet, which consisted of Sure's B-free food plus brewer's yeast. Wheatamin, an extract of wheat germ, was used as the incentive. Maze training began at the age of 70 days. Trial, error, retracing and time were employed as the criteria of measuring maze-learning ability. The results show that normal rats exhibit a far better average and median score in maze learning than rats depleted of vitamin B complex during their nursing period. With all criteria of measurement, normal rats are about twice as efficient in learning when the factors of sex, body weight and parentage are controlled.

Miss Koch 1 has investigated the influence of mechanical guidance in maze learning with both human and animal subjects. She guided her subjects over the correct pathway for a given number of trials, i.e., all entrances in the euls-de-sac were prevented by mechanical means. At the end of the specified number of trials the guidance was withdrawn and the subjects were confronted with the possibility of entering all the build alleys. This procedure may be termed the abrupt withdrawal of guidance-preventing entrances into all culs-de-sac for a given number of trials, and then permitting such entrances on the succeeding trials.It is obvious that this guidance can be withdrawn gradually. With this procedure, entrances in all culs-de-sac are prevented for a few trials, entrances into a few blinds are permitted on the next trial, and the number of alleys in which entrances are permitted is increased with successive trials until all of them are opened. This procedure is termed the gradual withdrawal of guidance.Our experiment was designed to test the relative influence of these two methods of withdrawing guidance upon maze learning. The relative value of these two procedures might be tested with either human or animal subjects, with either verbal, manual, or mechanical means of guidance, and with various amounts of guidance interpolated at various stages in the learning process.However, we arbitrarily decided to limit our study to the following conditions: the relative value of these two modes of

No abstract

The total bilirubin value of a male infant was 385 μmol/l on day 5. Liver function test results were normal and there was no evidence of sepsis and no hemolysis reaction. Phototherapy was administered and on day 8 the patient's total bilirubin level was 255 μmol/l. Intermittent episodes of hyperbilirubinemia occurred without phototherapy, with the total bilirubin level reaching 335 μmol/l on day 19. A 3-day regimen of phenobarbital was administered and on day 24 his total bilirubin level was 180 μmol/l. The patient was discharged. At the age of 2 months, the total bilirubin value was 27 μmol/l. His direct bilirubin value was <15% of total bilirubin in every determination. A family study of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase(UGT)1A1 gene showed that the infant carries a homozygous mutation at nucleotide -3279 plus compound heterozygous mutations at nucleotides 782 and 1091. The mutation at nucleotide 782 is a novel finding. Gilbert's syndrome was diagnosed.