Introduction. Insufficient research work on the study of local immunity in children with frequent respiratory recurrent diseases has become the basis for this work. Goal. To study the negative impact of various pathogenic factors on the formation of acute respiratory recurrent infections in children. Materials and methods. 201 children under 3 years of age and 219 children from 3 to 7 years old who attended children's preschools in Kyiv were observed in the dynamics. Indices of local immunity, by the content of immunoglobulins in the secretion of the nasal passages, were studied in comparison with the data of the anamnesis and clinical examination of children; with functional condition of the nasal mucosa (presence of catarrhal phenomena); with the presence and excretion of viral and bacterial microflora in the upper respiratory tract; with the presence of chronic foci of infection in the nasopharynx (tonsillitis, adenotonitis); with a period that has elapsed after preventive vaccinations and transferred respiratory diseases. Research results. Based on the obtained data, changes in local immunity in the examined children were detected under the influence of factors of external and internal environment: birth of children from pathological pregnancy and childbirth; presence of hypochromic anemia, exudative diathesis, chronic tonsillitis of staphylococcal etiology, adenotonsillitis, recurrent and asthmatic bronchitis in children; high infection rate of children with viruses, pathogenicity of pathogenic staphylococcus and streptococcus, fungi of the genus Candida. It was found that the lowest frequency of detection of immunoglobulins of all classes was observed in children with streptococcus in pharynx and its associations with staphylococcus. Conclusions. The published data on the value of local immunity in terms of immunoglobulins in children with frequent respiratory recurrent diseases and its tendency to various changes under the influence of external and internal environmental factors indicate the feasibility of improving treatment and prevention measures, which include the use of agents that enhance the effectiveness of local respiratory protection.

World statistics and scientific research show that premature birth of children is accompanied by a high risk of not only somatic, but also neurological pathology and mental disorders development. Therefore, the clinical prognostic model development for the research of delayed infant statokinetic development, which was born prematurely, may be the basis for creating a preventive program of early intervention. Purpose — to determine the clinical and genetic delayed statokinetic development formation determinants of children born with a body weight less than 1500 g; to develop an algorithm for early prediction of adverse effects. Materials and methods. A cohort prospective study was conducted, which included 155 children with very low and extremely low body weight. Their statokinetic development at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months of adjusted age was studied and the determinants were established. Genetic methods included studies of the GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTM1, ACE, AGT2R1, and eNOS genes polymorphism. Results. It was defined that at 24 months of adjusted age 19% have delayed statokinetic development, at 36 months — 16% of examined children have very low and extremely low body weight. Important predictors that contribute a delayed statokinetic development were severe intraventricular hemorrhages, anemia in the second year of life, significant delay in physical development at 6 months and socio-economic status of the family. The greatest delay in the motor sphere was found in children with a dominant genetic model (GG+AG vs. AA) of the GSTP1 gene. Conclusions. The developed model for predicting motor developmental delay at an early age has a high specificity (92.44%) and moderate sensitivity (53.33%), which indicates the possibility of its use for forecasting and personalized method of treatment. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: prediction, statokinetic development, very low body weight, extremely low body weight, premature babies, premature infants.

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В работе показана эффективность применения Беродуала в ингаляциях через небулайзер у детей первого года жизни при бронхообструктивном синдроме в качестве бронхолитического средства неотложной помощи.

Introduction. The difficulty in diagnosing different clinical forms of bronchitis is due to the fact that their clinical manifestations have a number of similar symptoms, despite the fact that these diseases may be as-sociated with different forms according to the classification. Diagnosis can be often complicated by the pre-disposition of very young children to recurrent respiratory diseases, which often mark the formation of a pro-longed and recurrent course of the disease caused by viral and bacterial contamination of the respiratory tract. The aim of this study is to investigate viral and microbial contamination of the respiratory tract in vari-ous clinical forms of bronchitis of infants and to clarify their etiological significance in parallel with the as-sessment of the intestinal microflora. Materials and methods. 578 children aged from 6 months to 3 years with various clinical forms of bronchitis were monitored. Virological examination was performed by the direct Coons method, which detected viral antigens in the cells of the mucous membrane of the lower nasal si-nuses. Bacteriological examination was performed by bacterial inoculation of nasopharyngeal mucus, spu-tum and feces in a nutrient medium. Results. Clinical and laboratory examination of young infants made it possible to identify the influence of detected viral antigens and pathogenic microflora in the throat, sputum and feces on the formation of various clinical forms of bronchitis and their clinical peculiarities not only in the period of exacerbation, but also in a remission period that indicates the persistence of viruses and bacteria. Conclusion. Detection of viral antigens, dysbiosis and microbial aggression of the upper and lower respira-tory tract gives grounds for substantiating the indications for staged rehabilitation therapy for infants with various clinical forms of bronchitis.