The temperature of water-ice crystallization initiation decreases (∆T) were determined in the binary water solutions of water soluble fullerenol: C 60 (OH) 24 − H 2 O at 272.85-273.15 K. Solution concentrations (in molar fractions) vary over a wide range x nano−cluster = 5.0 • 10 −6 ÷ 1.6 • 10 −4 a.un. Liquidus temperatures were determined with the help of Beckman thermometer with a linear resolution of the device scale ∆T ∆h ≈ 0.01 K/mm (h-height of Hg capillary raising). For the thermodynamic description of the discussed systems, we have elaborated an original semi-empirical model, the virial decomposition asymmetric model (VD-AS), with assistance from partial molar functions of nano-clusters (activities and activity coefficients) were calculated. The Gibbs energies for the solutions and miscibility gap concentration regions were calculated. VD-AS model excellently describes pre-delamination or micro-heterogeneous-structure formation in the considered solutions. These calculations are confirmed by the dynamic light scattering data.

The solubility in triple water-salt systems containing NdCl3, PrCl3, YCl3, TbCl3 chlorides, and water-soluble fullerenol C60(OH)24 at 25 °C was studied by isothermal saturation in ampoules. The analysis for the content of rare earth elements was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy, for the content of fullerenol—by electronic spectrophotometry. The solubility diagrams in all four ternary systems are simple eutonic, both consisting of two branches, corresponding to the crystallization of fullerenol crystal-hydrate and rare earth chloride crystal-hydrates, and containing one nonvariant point corresponding to the saturation of both solid phases. On the long branches of C60(OH)24*18H2O crystallization, a C60(OH)24 decreases by more than 2 orders of magnitude compared to the solubility of fullerenol in pure water (salting-out effect). On very short branches of crystallization of NdCl3*6H2O, PrCl3*7H2O, YCl3*6H2O, and TbCl3*6H2O, the salting-in effect is clearly observed, and the solubility of all four chlorides increases markedly. The four diagrams cannot be correctly approximated by the simple one-term Sechenov equation (SE-1), and very accurately approximated by the three-term modified Sechenov equation (SEM-3). Both equations for the calculation of nonelectrolyte solubility in electrolyte solutions (SE-1 and SEM-3 models) are obtained, using Pitzer model of virial decomposition of excess Gibbs energy of electrolyte solution. It is shown, that semi-empirical equations of SE-1 and SEM-3 models may be extended to the systems with crystallization of crystal-solvates.

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Catalytic fullerenol C 60 (OH) 24 action on Chlorella Vulgaris growth in the conditions of limited resource growth base and in the conditions of oxidative stress are reported. Chlorella growth or oppression were investigated in open transparent in the visible area cylindrical polystyrene test tubes at room temperature under illumination by standard incandescent lamp for the period 9 days. Catalyst concentration were varied in the range 0.01 -1.0 g/dm 3 . Oxidative stress was organized by the addition of hydrogen peroxide with the concentration 1.0 g/dm 3 . Chlorella Vulgaris concentrations were determined by the method of turbidimetry -by the determination of optical density of scattered light in the direction of propagation of the incident beam at wavelength 664 nm. Obtained kinetic data were processed by the method of formal classical kinetics. The pseudo-order of the process Chlorella Vulgaris growth in the conditions of limited resource, according to Chlorella, is −2; the curve of the dependence of Chlorella concentration against time is concave at all fullerenol concentrations. The pseudo-order of the process Chlorella Vulgaris suppression in the conditions of oxidative stress, according to Chlorella, is +2, the curve of the dependence of Chlorella concentration against time is convex at all fullerenol concentrations. The kinetics of Chlorella Vulgaris growth in the conditions of limited resource was also processed by model Verhulst equation of logisitic growth, and this equation describes the kinetics as accurately and adequately as possible. The authors have established, that in the case of the conditions of limited resource, fullerenol at low concentrations (less than 0.1 g/dm 3 ) catalyzes-accelerates Chlorella growth and at higher concentrations (0.1 -1.0 g/dm 3 ) inhibits Chlorella growth. For the conditions of oxidative stress, authors have established, that at all fullerenol concentrations, it considerably inhibits suppression-depopulation of Chlorella processes, so fullerenol proves enough strong anti-oxidant action. It was demonstrated, that Verhulst equation maybe satisfactory used for the description of different natural process.

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