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In a previous communication,*** we described the technology for manufacturing modified polyester (MPES) fibre in which a product from Schill and Scheilacher, Ukanol (trade mark Ukanol DMSip, sulfoisophthalic acid Na salt dimethyl ester) was used as a modifier. Data on the good dyeability of this fibre with disperse dyes without use of carriers and pressure were also reported.The research was continued to investigate the possibility of dyeing MPES fibre with cationic dyes. The laboratory experiments were conducted on dyeing equipment designed by the Central Scientific-Research Institute of Wool. For comparison, Nitron fibre was dyed in the same way (Table 1) In analyzing the results for dyeing, we noted that cationic Blue O and cationic Red 5G produced colors (blue and red, respectively) in both Nitron and MPES fibres. The color saturation was slightly lower in MPES fibre. Cationic Black Z produced a good black color in Nitron, which should have been expected, and MPES fibre was dyed a dark green color.

The possibility of immobilizing bactericides on PET fibres by the craze formation mechanism was demonstrated. Of the bactericides investigated, Al (althosan) was a more active modifier of the fibres than Ct (catamine). The resistance of the bactericidal fibres to wet treatments simulating laundering conditions was demonstrated, and this allows using fabric articles made from them for a long time.The biological safety of the human habitat is frequently raising concern due to technogenic catastrophes, military conflicts, bioterrorism, and environmental pollution by industrial and solid household wastes [1]. Due to global deterioration of the environmental situation, there has been a trend of perturbation of the natural balance of microflora toward predominant multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms, including those populating objects used in the home [2]. Damage of textiles by microorganisms and the unfavorable effect of this process on human health and quality of life are important aspects of this problem. Obviously, in the humantextile articlehabitat system, textile goods can fulfill the protective function of neutralizing microorganisms that cause illness in humans. One current trend in solving this pressing problem is to create chemical fibres with bactericidal properties and to use them for manufacturing textile articles.The use of bactericidal fibres not only increases the level of protection of humans from biological hazards but also protects the textiles themselves from biodeterioration [3][4][5][6]. For this reason, the chemical fibre industry is faced with the urgent problem of selecting bactericidal agents and developing technologies for modifying polymeric materials with a fibre base with these agents.The basic requirements for antibacterial fibres are the absence of systemic toxic, allergenic, and irritating effects on human skin, resistance to light and temperature, ability to retain bactericidal action over a perhaps long period of use, including repeated laundering and cleaning.The analysis of the scientific and patent literature suggests a variety of bactericides and polymeric material modification technologies used in the industry. The technologies for incorporating bactericidal components in polymeric materials can be combined in the following groups [7]: application of bactericides on the fibres in coatings; extrusion processing together with the initial polymer composite; saturation of the surface layer of polymer granules with bactericidal metal cations; treatment of adsorption-active particles of polymer binder filler with a bactericide; successive treatment of polymer articles with a solvent of the polymeric material and a bactericide compatible with the solvent; incorporation of bactericidal additives in chemical fibres with the crazing mechanism.Crazing ideology is set out in [8]. In stretching of polymer fibres in liquids with physicochemical activity, so-called crazes branching microcracks from 1 to 100 nm in size appear in the bulk of the fibre. This system of microcracks can be rep...

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