The work was performed in the I. V. Michurin Federal Scientifi c Center (Tambov region, Russia) in 2015-2018. The fruits of Sinap Orlovsky variety with high susceptibility to bitter pit, medium – to superfi cial scald and CO2 -skin injuries were used. The main post-harvest strategy of protecting fruits from bitter pit (BP) is storage in a controlled atmosphere (CA), short-term low oxygen storage (10 days, O2<1 %) reduces losses from scald and BP, but does not provide protection from diseases of varieties with high susceptibility; post-harvest treatment with ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor (1-MCP) provides protection from scald, but has an ambiguous effect on the development of BP, and may increase the degree of disease appearance. The purpose of the research is the development of innovative technology of managing of bitter pit and other post-harvest pathological diseases. In the experiment, the control and 1-MCP-treated fruits were stored at 0 + 1 °C under regular (RA) and controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions: CA-1 (CO2 – 1.2-1.5 %, O2 – 1.2-1.5 %), CA-2 (СО2<0.1 %, О2 – 1.2-1.5 %), under conditions of short (10 days) post-harvest impact of controlled factors: temperature 18-20 °С, О2 – 1.2-1.5 %, CO2<0.1 % and further storage in regular atmosphere (LO2 ). Ethylene, α-farnesen and its oxidation products (CТ281), phenolic compounds were determined in fruits, losses from bitter pit, scald, CO2 -skin injuries, quality (fi rmness) were estimated. 1-MCP-treatment ensured a low level of ethylene and CT281 accumulation in fruits, protection from scald, preservation of fi rmness in all variants of fruit storage, with maximum effi ciency of variants CA-2, CA-1 and LO2 . Fruit protection from bitter pit was provided by CA-2 technology, a signifi cant reduction of losses – LO2 . When using the technology of CA-2, losses from CO2 -skin injuries, noted in the conditions of CA-1, were excluded. The maximum efficiency of protection of fruits from BP, scald, CO2 -injuries is provided by the developed technology CA-2 (CO2<0.1 %, O2 — 1.2-1.5 %).

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выполнена в Федеральном научном центре им. И. В. Мичурина (Тамбовская область, Россия) в 2017-2018 гг. Использовали сорта смородины черной Тамерлан и Шалунья селекции института. В условиях Центрально-Черноземной зоны России районировано 29 сортов, однако они не в полной мере соответствуют требованиям потребителя продукции

The work was carried out at the Federal Research Center named after I.V. Michurin (Tambov region, Russia) in 2019, using fruits cv. Honeycrisp with a high susceptibility to bitter pit (BP), low temperature breakdown (LTB) and soft scald (SS). Studied fruits were grown at commercial orchards from 6 regions of the Central Federal District (Moscow, Tula, Lipetsk, Kursk, Belgorod, Voronezh). The aim of the research was to assess the influence of meteorological factors of different growing regions on the susceptibility of fruits to physiological diseases during storage. The maximum susceptibility to BP is observed for fruits from the Southern region of the Central Federal District (Kursk, Voronezh, Belgorod regions) with high air temperatures (> 25 °C) and moisture deficit (HTC <0.7) during the growing season. The fruits from the Northern region of the Central Federal District (Moscow, Tula regions) with low air temperatures (minimum temperatures <10 °C) and sufficient moisture supply during the growing season (HTC > 1) are characterized by the maximum susceptibility to SS and LTB. An intermediate position is occupied by the Lipetsk region, where the risks of BP, SS and LTB development are quite high. Stressful agronomic factors such as young age of plantations (1-2 years of fruiting), low yield, strong pruning, etc. can cause the development of BP regardless of growing region, with higher risks of disease development under stressful meteorological conditions.