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The social importance of obesity is determined by high risk of disability of young patients and decrease in overall life expectancy due to frequent development of severe co-morbidities. Proper goal setting in the treatment of obesity includes 5-10% reduction in body weight for 6 months, stabilization of the achieved weight and prevention of its relapse, reduction in the risk of complications, remission or control of existing complications. In this review, modern approaches to diagnostics of pathological conditions, associated with obesity, modern methods of treatment, including diet and exercise therapy, behavioral therapy, medication therapy and bariatric surgery are considered.Key Words: obesity, complications of obesity, diet and exercise therapy, behavioral therapy, medication therapy and bariatric surgery.

APPROACH TO DIAGNOSIS OF LIVER FIBROSIS: SERUM MARKERS REVIEWZ h u r a v le v a A n n a K o n s ta n tin o v n a , P h D in M ed icin e, A ss ista n t L ectu rer Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Kharkiv National Medical University 4 Lenina Ave., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine O g n e v a E le n a V a le n tin o v n a , P h D in M ed icin e, A ss ista n t L ectu rer Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Kharkiv National Medical University 4 Lenina Ave., Kharkiv, 61022, UkraineKharkiv National Medical University, 4 Lenina Ave., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine; E-mail: l.zhuravlyova@mail.ru AbSTRAKT H epatic fibrosis is the final stage of many disorders of the liver. Originally, hepatic fibrosis was con sidered irreversible, however, hepatic fibrosis is now known to be a dynamic process with a sig nificant potential for resolution. Timely diagnosis of liver fibrosis can prevent development of unwant ed complications. The diagnosis and quantitation of fibrosis have traditionally relied on liver biopsy. However, there are a number of drawbacks that limit its use. This article reviews the current methods of assessment of hepatic fibrosis based on the serum markers. НОТАЦИЯ иброз печеночной ткани является завершающей стадией развития различ-ных заболеваний пече-'ни. Первоначально считалось, что фиброз необратим, но в настоящее время уже известно, что это динамический процесс, имеющий значи-тельный потенциал для обратного развития. Своевремен ная диагностика фиброза печени может предотвратить возникновение нежелательных осложнений. Традиционно диагностика и количественное определение фиброзированной ткани основывались на биопсии печени. Но у пункционной биопсии существует целый ряд недостатков, ограничивающих проведение этой процедуры. В данной статье рассматриваются современные методы оценки фиброза печени, основанные на определении сывороточных маркеров. ю ч е в ы е сл о в а: сфиброз печени, сывороточные маркеры. №1 2015

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The purpose of this review article is to analyze current information on the molecular mechanisms of gestational diabetes and the prospects for their use in the further development of new effective treatments for this common pathology. Decreased ability of insulin to bind to its receptor, decreased IRS-1 expression and GLUT-4 translocation, and increased levels of p85α-PI-3 kinase subunits are involved in the development of insulin resistance during pregnancy. In gestational diabetes, there are not only more significant changes of the above mentioned indicators, but also increased levels of pro-inflammatory factors: TNF-α, IL-6, leptin and decreased insulin-sensitizing factors: adiponectin and PPAR-γ. Therapeutic measures aimed at normalizing the secretion of cytokines and adipokines reduce the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and its complications and require further development