IB consisting of CMV, HSV-1, B. burgdorferi, C. pneumoniae and H. pylori is associated with AD. This study supports the role of infection/inflammation in the etiopathogenesis of AD.

The adsorption characteristics of phosphate adsorption on the dewatered alum sludge were identified as a function of pH and ion strengths in solution. In addition, adsorption mechanisms were investigated by conducting batch tests on both the hydrolysis and P-adsorption process of the alum sludge, and making a comparative analysis to gain newer insights into understanding the adsorption process. Results show that the adsorption capacity decreased from 3.5 to 0.7 mg-P/g-sludge when the solution pH was increased from 4.3 to 9.0, indicating that adsorption capacity is

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Two-dimensional (2D) membranes exhibit exceptional properties in molecular separation and transport, which reveals their potential use in various applications. However, ion sieving with 2D membranes is severely restrained due to intercalation-induced swelling.Here, we describe how to efficiently stabilize the lamellar architecture using Keggin Al 13 polycations as pillars in a Ti 3 C 2 T x membrane. More importantly, interlayer spacing can be easily adjusted with angstrom precision over a wide range (2.7−11.2 Å) to achieve selective and tunable ion sieving. A membrane with narrow d-spacing demonstrated enhanced selectivity for monovalent ions. When applied in a forward osmosis desalination process, this membrane exhibited high NaCl exclusion (99%) with a fast water flux (0.30 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 ). A membrane with wide d-spacing showed notable selectivity, which was dependent on the cation valence. When it was applied to acid recovery from iron-based industrial wastewater, the membrane showed good H + /Fe 2+ selectivity, which makes it a promising substitute for traditional polymeric membranes. Thus, we introduce a possible route to construct 2D membranes with appropriate structures to satisfy different ion-sieving requirements in diverse environment-, resource-, and energy-related applications. KEYWORDS: Ti 3 C 2 T x membrane, interlayer spacing, Al 13 Keggin ions, tunable ion sieving, desalination