T Perovskite solar cells are becoming a dominant alternative for the traditional solar cells reaching an efficiency of 25.2% in a short span of twelve years (2008-2020). Here, we are going to describe a simple process to 'put a voice on a laser beam' and transmit it over a distance via a perovskite solar cell. This process considered as a fascinating example of amplitude modulation of light using sound vibrations. Therefore, the design and simulation of the perovskite solar cell will be described in details in this work. This design is concerned about the lead-free based perovskite solar cell model with the total proposed structure “Metal contact /PEDOT:PSS/ CH3NH3SnI3/ ZnO/ SnO2:F/ Metal contact”. To study the efficiency and the performances of a solar cell, the use of well-known software so-called SCAPS-1D is undertaken to perform the system simulation. The obtained results show also the influence of the doping level of the HTM layer and absorber layer thickness on the performance of the device. So far, only the simulation part has been validated. Despite the costeffect of the system prototype, however, it could be implemented here in the laboratory as perspective work.

No abstract

The use of wind energy has no harmful effects on the environment. This makes it a clean energy that is a real alternative to the problem of nuclear waste management and greenhouse gas emissions. Vertical axis wind turbines have prospective advantages in the field of domestic applications, because they have proven effectual in urban areas where wind flow conditions are intermittent, omnidirectional, unsteady and turbulent. The wind cannot ensure a regular energy supply without optimising the aerodynamics of the blades. This article presents a reminder about wind energy and wind turbines, especially the VAWT type wind turbines and also gives a presentation on the aerodynamic side of VAWT by studying the geometry and aerodynamic characteristics of the blade profiles with the acting forces and also the explanation of the DMS multiple flow tube model. This work also gives the different simulation methods to optimize the behaviour of the blades from the selected NACA profiles; the analysis first goes through the design of the blades by the design and simulation software Qblade which is used to calculate also the forces on the blade and the coefficients of lift, drag and fineness. At the end of this article we have the DMS simulation of the VAWT turbines, by determining the power coefficient and the power collected by the turbine to select the wind turbine adapted to a well characterized site.

RésuméDans le présent article on s'intéresse à l'étude technico-économique d'un système hybride (aérogénérateur et moteur Diesel) sur le site de Tlemcen en utilisant les données de mesure des stations de l'ONM (Office National de Météorologie). On évalue la puissance moyenne annuelle disponible sur le site, la puissance moyenne annuelle fournie par l'aérogénérateur et le moteur Diesel ainsi que la détermination du nombre de foyers pouvant être alimentés en énergie électrique. Cette étude se poursuit par un aspect économique car le développement des aérogénérateurs et les moteurs Diesel relèvent du domaine technique mais aussi du domaine économique. Pour que la production de l'énergie électrique soit viable, il faut que son coût de revient soit moins élevé que celui de l'énergie électrique produite par un moteur Diesel ou une turbine; le rendement et le coût étant deux facteurs liées entre eux. La viabilité de l'installation serait peu intéressante pour un rendement et un coût de revient élevés ou pour un rendement et un coût de revient faibles. Mots-Clés :Aérogénérateur, moteur Diesel, électricité, puissance, économie. AbstractTechnico-economic study of a hybrid system (Aerogenerator and Diesel engine) for the electricity production In this article one is interested in the technico-economic study of a hybrid system (aero generator and Diesel engine) on the site of Tlemcen by using the data of measurement of the stations of the ONM (National office of Meteorology), one evaluates the annual aver Laarej Merad et al. 187Afrique SCIENCE 02(2) (2006) 187 -197 age power available on the site as well as the annual average power provided by the aerogenerator and the diesel engine thus the determination of the number of hearths which can be to feed in electric power finally this study continues with an economic as pect because the development of the aerogenerators and the diesel engines come under the technical field but also of the economic field, so that the production of electrical en ergy is viable that is to say less low than that of that produced by a Diesel engine or a turbine, the output and the cost are two factors dependent between them. The viability of the installation would be little interest for an output and a cost of high cost or for an output and a weak cost of cost.