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Maxillary fractures can be classified according to fracture pattern as described by the Le Fort classification. These are usually high-energy injuries and there are often other facial injuries associated with these fractures that need to be identified and managed in addition to the treatment of the fracture itself. Fracture treatment is by reduction and stabilization, usually with internal fixation. Complications of the injury and treatment are discussed in this chapter

Panfacial fractures involve multiple fractures of the upper, middle, and lower thirds of the face. In management of panfacial fractures, the individual fracture techniques and approaches described in the previous chapters in Section 7 are combined to restore bony continuity of the facial skeleton and provide an aesthetic and functional drape of the overlying soft tissues. The aim in treatment of panfacial fractures is to restore the anatomical buttresses of the face in three dimensions, thus restoring vertical face height, horizontal width, and anteroposterior projection.