RESUMOCom o objetivo de investigar o papel de variáveis que podem interferir no seguir regras, 10 universitários foram expostos a um procedimento de escolha de acordo com o modelo; a tarefa era apontar cada um dos três estímulos de comparação em uma dada seqüência. Nas duas condições experimentais, nenhuma resposta era reforçada na Sessão 1 (linha de base). As contingências na Sessão 2 eram alteradas na Sessão 3, e as contingências na Sessão 3 eram mantidas inalteradas na Sessão 4, iniciada com a regra discrepante das contingências. A duas condições diferiam apenas na Sessão 2. Na Sessão 2, a seqüência correta era estabelecida por contingências na Condição RD e por regra na Condição IN. Na Condição RD, 4 dos 5 participantes responderam corretamente, de acordo com as contingências, na Sessão 3 e deixaram de seguir a regra discrepante na Sessão 4. Na Condição IN, 4 dos 5 participantes responderam incorretamente na Sessão 3 e seguiram a regra discrepante na Sessão 4. Esses resultados apóiam a sugestão de que a manutenção do seguimento de regra discrepante pode depender das fontes de controle do comportamento alternativo ao especificado por essa regra na história do ouvinte. Discute-se também o papel de outras variáveis. Palavras-chave: regras e contingências; histórias comportamentais; insensibilidade às contingências programadas. ABSTRACTThe effects of behavioral history on contingency-discrepant rule-following behavior With the purpose of investigating the role of variables that may interfere with rule-following, 10 university students were exposed to a matching-to-sample procedure, where they had to point, in sequence, to three comparison stimuli. In the two experimental conditions, neither response was reinforced in Session 1 (baseline). The contingencies in Session 2 were changed in Session 3, and the contingencies in Session 3 remained unchanged in Session 4, which began with a rule that was discrepant to the programmed contingencies. The two conditions differed only in Session 2. In Session 2, the sequence was established by contingencies in Condition RD and by rule in Condition IN. In Condition RD, four of the five participants gave correct responses in accordance with the contingencies in Session 3 and abandoned discrepant rule following in Session 4. In Condition IN, four of the five participants gave incorrect responses in Session 3 and followed the discrepant rule in Session 4. These results suggest that the maintenance of discrepant rule following may depend on the control of behaviors different from those specified by rules in the participant's previous behavioral history. The potential contribution of other variables is also discussed. Keywords: rules and contingencies; behavioral history; insensibility to programmed contingencies.De modo geral, o controle por regras 2 tem sido investigado de duas maneiras. Na maneira mais tradicional, observa-se se o comportamento previamente especificado pela regra muda quando as contingências de reforço programadas mudam (por exemplo, Cerutti,
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