RÉSUMÉ :Objectif : Une étude ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales a été menée dans la région du Gharb, Maroc dans le but de créer une base de données des espèces médicinales utilisées dans la pharmacopée traditionnelle par la population locale. AbstractObjective: An ethnobotanical inventory was conducted in the Gharb region, Morocco in order to create a database of species of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by the local populations. Methods and results: By using 520 questionnaires, a series of ethnobotanical field surveys was conducted during two campaigns (2012/2013-2013/2014) with users of plants, herbalists and traditional healers. The counting of the collected results allowed the inventory of 137 species belonging to 116 genera and 57 families, among which the most important of the species are: Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae. The results of this study have also shown that the foliage is the most used part, and that the majority of remedies are prepared as a decoction or powder, and exclusively administered by the oral route. Besides, the digestive, metabolic and dermatological affections are the most common. Conclusion and application of research: Also, these results can be considered as a source of information for scientific research in the field of phytochemistry and pharmacology.

3-[2-(1H-Benzimidazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-ethyl]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one (OXB1) is a new Benzimidazole derivative which was synthesized in our laboratory then characterized with several physicochemical techniques. However, its related toxic effect remains unknown. The present work aims to study its acute toxicity in normal Wistar rats. Six groups of rats received an intrapéritonéale (i.p.) injection of different doses of OXB1 (500, 700, 900, 1000 and 1200mg/kg) and were daily monitored for 14 days. Mortalities, changes in food and water uptake, behavioral changes and weight were monitored. The OXB1 Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) was 1084mg/kg. The administration of the studied molecule at a dose of 900mg/kg did not affect animal viability and body weight (bw). In addition, food and water intake are unchanged. Furthermore, at the this dose, the levels of hematological and biochemical values and organ’s weights were not affected which confirm that the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL) dose of OXB1 is 900 mg/kg in normal Wistar rats and could possibly be tested after further analysis in a preliminary clinical test.

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