ASHA was effective in improving depression and increasing financial independence. Using a culturally synchronous approach to psychological treatment may be effective in ameliorating distress in immigrant populations.

This study was conducted to isolate and characterize the bacteria present in cases of omphalitis in chicks. Yolk swabs (n = 60) were aseptically collected from affected chicks and cultured for isolation and identification of bacteria. E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococci were identified. Bacteria were tested for sensitivity to ten common antibiotics. E coli isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol and resistant to nalidixic acid, ampicillin, amoxycillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin, sulphamethoxazole and erythromycin. Salmonella were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and resistant to tetracycline. Staphylococci were sensitive to ampicillin, amoxycillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, sulphamethoxazole, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and kanamycin and resistant to nalidixic acid and tetracycline. The existence of multi-drug resistance emphasises the need to prevent omphalitis in chicks by hygiene. (Bangl. vet.

This study aimed to know the level of maternally derived antibody (MDA) titer in calves born to cows vaccinated with inactivated trivalent (type O, A and Asia 1) Foot and Mouth disease vaccine. Three groups of calves (10 calves in each group) of different age were randomly selected from two organized farms from Savar Upazilla of Bangladesh where the dams are routinely vaccinated with trivalent FMD vaccines. Blood samples were collected from these selected calves in six occasions five weeks apart and sera (n=180) were tested for antibody titer against FMDV by using liquid phase blocking ELISA (LPB-ELISA) test. The test is based upon specific blocking of the FMDV antigen in liquid phase by antibodies in the test serum sample. Protective level (PI value >50) of maternal antibody against FMDV was found in serum of calves up to the age of 22-23 wks (above five months) and decreased below protective level (PI value <50) at 27-28 weeks (above 6 months) of age. Irrespective of vaccine types, male calves had slightly higher level of MDA than that of female calves and PI values were comparatively higher against serotype O than the other two serotypes (A and Asia 1). Calves born to vaccinated dams could be vaccinated for first time after five months of their birth to lower the incidence of foot and mouth disease.

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Objective: To determine the protective effect of aqueous Neem leaf extract-induced hepatotoxicity by Erythromycin.Study Design: Laboratory-based Experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy and Animal House of Baqai Medical University (BMU) Karachi, Pakistan from January 2019 to March 2019.Materials and Methods: A total of 80 albino Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Control group, marked as Group A with no interventions. Only Erythromycin was administered to the rats in group B. Erythromycin and an aqueous extract of neemleaves were administered to group C rats. Group D only received an extract of aqueous neemleaves. Animals' body weight was noted both before and after experiments. Liver weight was also measured after 14 days when the animals were sacrificed.Results: Histopathological changes in group B include loss of architecture, portal vein observed with congestion, and hemorrhages. In Group C, histopathological changes showed hepatocytes with slightly disturbed and mild congestion with decreased sinusoidal spaces; however, Group A andGroup D observed normal hepatocyte architecture. Conclusion: According to the current study, Erythromycin-induced oxidative stress and hepatocyte damage weremarkedly reduced by aqueous neem leaf extract, which is a powerful antioxidant.