Anthracnose disease in chillies is a serious problem for farmers. So far, synthetic fungicides have been used as solution for the treatment of this disease. However, the side effects of synthetic fungicides to  public health and environment raised awareness on  alternative fungicides derived from natural resources. This paper aims to review plants that  are  potential as an alternative to fungicides for chili plantation, fabrication of test solutions, in vitro and in vivo fungicide test. Many plants  were investigated as alternatives to plant-based fungicide. The utilization of leaves as samples including rhizomes, roots, tubers, weevils, seeds, fruit, flowers and  other parts of the plant. The extract fabrication method used as a fungicide test include: maceration method, gradual fractionation method, and decoction method. The maceration method is the method most widely used to extract fungicidal active compounds from plants. Some studies that carried out in vitro tests were unable to compare with synthetic fungicides so it was not possible to determine their effectiveness for plant-based fungicide for chillies when compared to synthetic fungicides. In vitro Extract of 80% alcohol and 10%/60% n-hexane of pacar cina (Aglaia odorata L.) leaves can be compared with the performance of propineb 0.2%. In addition, the 60% and 70% kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaf extracts were also able to match Acrobat 0.2% performance in vitro. Based on the in vivo test, suren (Toona sureni Merr) leaf extract and nut bulbs can be used as an alternative to vegetable / natural fungicides to help overcome the problem of anthracnose in chilies.

The utilization of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims) is still focused on the fruit, while the passion fruit peel is still not widely applied. The passion fruit peel has the potential as an antioxidant. The polarity of solvents used in the extraction process can affect the antioxidant activity of a medicinal plant. This study aims to determine in vitro antioxidant activity using DPPH and total flavonoid and phenol content of methanol and n-hexane extract from purple passion fruit peel. The powder of purple passion fruit peel was extracted using the maceration method with methanol and n-hexane solvent and a ratio of 1:12. The total flavonoids and phenols from each extract were determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The in vitro antioxidant activity was performed using the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method by determining inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. The results showed that methanol and n-hexane extract yields were 4.53% and 0.76%, respectively. Furthermore, the total phenolic content of 35.95mg GA E/g extract in purple passion fruit peel was higher than the total flavonoid content of 3.25mg QE/g extract. There was an absence of total flavonoids and total phenols in n-hexane extracts. The antioxidant activity assay using the DPPH method based on IC50 values showed that methanol extract (14.63mg/L) had better antioxidant activity than n-hexane extract (37.39mg/L). In conclusion, the results suggest that methanol and n-hexane extract from Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims can decrease free radicals and could be used as a natural antioxidant.