Civil construction is one of the most resource-consuming sectors in the world. For this reason, the last years have witnessed the study of reusing industrial residues in building materials. The ornamental stone processing industry has a considerable environmental liability related to residue generation during the cutting stages of granite blocks. The objective of this work is to analyze the viability of incorporating granite residues, up to 100%, to substitute sand in coating mortars for building construction. Mortars without residue, as control, and incorporated with 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of granite residue were subjected to consistency tests, incorporated air and water retention together with the rheological characterization using the squeeze-flow and the dropping-ball methods. The results show that mortars with 40% granite residues presented greater plastic deformation, helping their applicability by also presenting improved technological properties in the fresh state.
ResumoA construção civil produz uma grande quantidade de resíduos que são descartados podendo gerar impactos ambientais. Uma alternativa para reduzir esses resíduos é reutilizá-los. Esse artigo tem como finalidade apresentar o aproveitamento de resíduos da construção e demolição como agregado miúdo para utilização em argamassa. Foram formuladas composições de argamassa convencional e de argamassa substituindo a areia por resíduos, moldando corpos de prova de cada tipo de argamassa. Em seguida, realizou-se a comparação entre a argamassa feita com os agregados convencionais e a feita com o resíduo reciclável. Os ensaios nos corpos de prova foram realizados após sete dias, utilizando CPV, por apresentar maior quantidade de clínquer. Foi também realizado o teste de resistência à tração na flexão e à compressão. Os resultados mostram que as argamassas feitas com resíduo apresentaram menores resistências comparadas com as argamassas de referências. Isso deve-se ao fato da granulometria, composição química e pelo agregado miúdo da argamassa modificada absorver maior quantidade de água do que a areia, aumentando a relação água/aglomerante, tornando-a mais porosa e menos resistente. Palavras-chave: Aproveitamento; Resíduo; Argamassa; Agregado.
USE OF CIVIL CONSTRUCTION RESIDUES FOR USE IN MORTAR AbstractCivil construction produces a large amount of waste that is discarded and can generate environmental impacts. An alternative to reduce these residues is to reuse them. This article aims to present the use of construction and demolition waste as a small aggregate for use in mortar. Conventional mortar and mortar compositions have been formulated to replace sand by residues, molding specimens of each type of mortar. Then, the mortar made with conventional aggregates and the one made with recyclable residue have been compared. Tests on the specimens were performed at age of seven days, using CPV, because they had a higher amount of clinker. The tensile strength test has also been performed in flexion and compression. The results show that the mortars made with residue presented smaller resistances compared to the mortars of references. This is due to the fact that the granulometry, chemical composition and the small aggregate of the modified mortar absorb more water than sand, increasing the water/binder ratio, making it more porous and less resistant.
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