The sediment production has been the focus of many studies due to the problems caused by the alterations of the natural environment which are driven by the urbanization process. In Santa Maria, Brazil, the urban area expansion and population growth have caused changes in the environment, such as in the structure and natural form of the land, in drainage channels, quality and quantity of water resources, soil sealing and intensive agricultural cultivation. Consequently, studies are necessary to quantify the sediment in rivers for a better understanding and also to develop tools in order to minimize impacts to the environment. This study assesses the relationship between turbidity and suspended sediment concentration from a small hydrographic basin located in Santa Maria (Brazil). The methodology was based on monitoring the suspended sediment transport using automated turbidity registrations and suspended sediment samples, which were collected by automatic ISCO sampler. To do so, four field measurements were carried out from September 2 to October 6, 2014. The results of this work indicated a good correlation between the suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) and turbidity (T), r = 0.8602, (P < 0.001), when the SSC data were analyzed as a function of T it was observed that follow a model = 0.833 .(P < 0.001), with a coefficient of determination R 2 = 0.740. Therefore, it may be a good alternative to generate continuous records of suspended sediment concentrations in rivers as a tool for water management in a hydrographic basin.
Os cemitérios podem trazer graves consequências ambientais, particularmente sobre a qualidade das águas subterrâneas. Preocupando-se com as possíveis consequências que os cemitérios podem causar ao meio ambiente, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a vulnerabilidade das águas subterrâneas em áreas ocupadas por quatro cemitérios no município de Santa Maria-Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Poços de monitoramento foram instalados nos cemitérios Santa Rita de Cássia, Jardim da Saudade, Ecumênico Municipal e são José, onde os parâmetros cor aparente, turbidez, condutividade elétrica, alcalinidade total, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, nitrato, fósforo, sódio, coliformes fecais e totais foram analisados de março a setembro de 2009. Com base nos UFSM, 34(2) resultados das análises, conclui-se que a água subterrânea ao entorno dos cemitérios não possui padrões de potabilidade de água, não sendo aconselhável para o consumo. Parâmetros como coliformes e nitrato mostraram-se alterados em alguns cemitérios, indicando possível contaminação por necrochorume, a partir da decomposição de corpos humanos. Palavras-Chave: contaminação; necrochorume; qualidade da água; coliformes.
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