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This article advances the discussion of subsidised housing and accessible and walkable neighbourhoods by focusing on the characteristics of cities experiencing population decline. We examine the neighbourhood context of subsidised housing with respect to walkability and accessibility in shrinking cities using Walk Score and a walkability index that considers the unique neighbourhood dynamics in these cities and access to anchor institutions and transit. Our results confirm recent studies that the majority of HUD units are in less walkable neighbourhoods and with low access to anchor institutions. Our results support the inclusion of more refined walkability and accessibility measures in affordable housing siting criteria. These measures would encourage the development of revitalisation strategies with enhanced walkability, services and transit.

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Characterizing individual mobility is critical to understand urban dynamics and to develop high-resolution mobility models. Previously, large-scale trajectory datasets have been used to characterize universal mobility patterns. However, due to the limitations of the underlying datasets, these studies could not investigate how mobility patterns differ over user characteristics among demographic groups. In this study, we analyzed a large-scale Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) dataset of the transit system of Seoul, South Korea and investigated how mobility patterns vary over user characteristics and modal preferences. We identified users’ commuting locations and estimated the statistical distributions required to characterize their spatio-temporal mobility patterns. Our findings show the heterogeneity of mobility patterns across demographic user groups. This result will significantly impact future mobility models based on trajectory datasets.