ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of Candida albicans and non-albicans yeast species isolated from oral samples of children with AIDS and of children exposed and not exposed to HIVduring pregnancy and served by the public health system in a county located in the interior of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Methods Saliva samples from 50 children aged between 2 and 12 years treated by SUS (group I = control group, group II = group exposed to HIV without seroconversion, and group III = AIDS carriers) were collected, seeded in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol, and fungal cultures were grown at 35 ± 2° C for 24 hours. Three isolated colonies were randomly selected from each individual plaque for identification using the API20 AUX Biomerieux® method. ResultsThe most frequent fungal species in samples from children not exposed to HIV, exposed to HIV, and AIDS carriers was Candida albicans (48.80%, 25.64%, and 58.13%, respectively). Species of Candida non-albicans were also isolated from all groups studied. ConclusionsDespite the higher prevalence of Candida albicans in these groups, non-albicans species represented a significant percentage of Candida isolates.

Objective: Identify yeast species isolated from unexposed, exposed and HIV-carrier children, and verify the effectiveness of low power laser photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the yeasts species belonging to the Candida genus. Methods: Fifty children assisted by the Public Health Program of the city of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, were selected and divided into three groups: unexposed to HIV, exposed to HIV during pregnancy, and HIV-carrier. Saliva samples were collected in a disposable sterile universal container and were plated to Sabouraud dextrose agar supplemented with 0.1 mg/mL chloramphenicol. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 48 h. Three strains of each patient were identified by using an API 20 C AUX system. The strains were submitted to photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a 660 nm low power laser and methylene blue dye at different times of irradiation (90, 180 and 282 sec.). Results: The results showed that the most prevalent species was Candida albicans followed by Candida famata (second most prevalent in unexposed to HIV and HIV carriers)) and Candida parapsilosis (second most prevalent in exposed to HIV group). The CFU/mL of Candida spp. decreased significantly (p<0,05) in all groups treated with PDT compared to the controls. Photodynamic therapy treatments at different exposure times (e.g., PS+L90+, PS+L180+, PS+L282+) revealed that the exposure time of 282 sec. gave the highest reduction of the mean logarithmic CFU/mL. Conclusion: Candida albicans was the most prevalent Candida species in these three groups and Candida non-albicans species, when combined, amounted to a significant percentage of Candida isolates. Photodynamic therapy was effective in inactivating the Candida spp. isolated from the oral cavity of children not exposed to HIV, exposed to HIV and HIV-carriers, with the best photodynamic therapy irradiation time being 282 sec.

O dinheiro é talvez o artigo mais trocado por pessoas em todo o mundo servindo como reservatório de microrganismos que podem ser transmitidos entre a população. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a contaminação das cédulas monetárias circulantes em feira livre do interior da Bahia por espécies de relevância clínica como as Enterobactérias, Staphylococcus spp. e espécies de Candida, além de analisar a contaminação geral. Foram coletadas amostras das superfícies de 50 cédulas em circulação na feira livre. As amostras foram identificadas e no laboratório foram agitadas obtendo-se uma suspensão inicial e a partir dessa foram realizadas diluições decimais que foram semeadas em duplicata em placas de Petri contendo os meios de cultura Ágar-sangue, Ágar Sabouraud dextrose com cloranfenicol, Ágar salgado manitol e Agar MacConkey. As placas foram incubadas a 37ºC/ 24h (5 dias a temperatura ambiente para crescimento de fungos). Os resultados obtidos em UFC/mL foram analisados pelo teste estatístico ANOVA (5%). Pôde-se concluir que nas cédulas monetárias foram coletadas amostras de todos os microrganismos de interesse no estudo e que existe necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas para minimização da contaminação das cédulas enfatizando os bons hábitos de higiene pessoal entre a população.