Aim:The study aimed to assess the impact of mouthwashes on antibacterial activity of individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and methods:A total of 60 individuals were considered in the study. Sixty (20 each group) nonextraction class I individuals were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Group I: Experimental group [chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash], group II: Experimental group (neem mouthwash), group III: Control group (distilled water). All the clinical examinations were done at baseline and 30th day respectively, after the start of orthodontic treatment. The mean differences between the different experimental groups were calculated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results:There was no statistical significance at baseline mean plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) scores, and Streptococcus mutans (SM) colony count between groups. The PI and GI scores among CHX and neem mouthwash groups (p = 0.002, p = 0.032 respectively) were significantly reduced after intervention and also the SM colonies count was reduced in CHX and neem mouthwash groups and there was significant difference between the groups. Impact of Mouthwashes on Conclusion:As both mouthwashes showed significant effectiveness on antibacterial activity in individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances, neem mouthwash can be used as an alternative to CHX.Clinical significance: It is better to have a sound knowledge regarding the use of mouthwash in long term as fixed orthodontics are associated with accumulation of SM, enamel demineralization, and an increased number of carious lesions, predominantly in sites adjacent to bracket.

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Further developing on the technique originally intended for the purpose of forming tough hydrogels, we showed in this study that the double-network system can also be used to synthesize an injectable gel. The gel was made up of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate, sodium alginic acid, and calcium chloride, and two networks, consisting of ionic and covalent networks, were found to co-exist in the gel. Additionally, the rheology studies showed that the mechanical properties of the gel only deteriorated under high strain, demonstrating the robustness of the gel upon injection. The results of a cell cytotoxicity test and a preliminary cell encapsulation study were promising, showing good cell compatibility and thus suggesting that the hydrogels could potentially be used for cell delivery.

The demand of aesthetic orthodontics has increased among young and adult population. The request for fast and invisible orthodontic treatment has encouraged the development of clear aligners. Clear aligners are considered as an alternative to dental braces. They are devices that use thermoplastic materials which apply pressure to teeth to move into the desired position. Dozens of company around world offer some type of clear aligner orthodontic product and is widely considered as the future of Orthodontics. Advantages of sequential aligner therapy has been discussed widely, this article discuss concerns and adverse effects and reactions associated with aligner therapy. However, until more clinical research becomes available, aligners cannot be routinely prescribed as an effective alternative to fixed labial appliances. Let us look before we leap.