No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Green nanotechnology is a promising technology that has a wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals today because they offer a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio. Algal-based nanoparticles (NPs) are the subject of intense research interest today for their potential to treat and prevent infections caused by infectious microorganisms that are antibiotic resistant. Algae contain a variety of therapeutically potential bioactive ingredients, including chlorophyll, phycobilin, phenolics, flavonoids, glucosides, tannins, and saponins. As a result, NPs made from algae could be used as therapeutic antimicrobials. Due to their higher surface-area-to-volume ratios compared to their macroscopic components, metallic nanoparticles are more reactive and have toxic effects on their therapy. For pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, green synthesis restricts the use of physical and chemical methods of metallic nanoparticle synthesis, and it can be carried out in an environmentally friendly and relatively low-cost manner. The majority of macroalgae and some microalgae have latent antimicrobial activity and are used in the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. A potential application in the field of nanomedicine and the establishment of a potential pharmacophore against microorganisms may result from the synthesis of algal-based NPs. Only a few studies have been done on the potential antimicrobial, antifungal, and antibacterial activity of algae-based NPs. As a result, the study will concentrate on the environmentally friendly synthesis of various NPs and their therapeutic potential, with a focus on their antibacterial activity. Thus, the aim of this study is to review all the literature available on the synthesis and characterization of the algal nanoparticles and their potential application as an antibacterial agent.

Cyanobacteria also known as Blue Green Algae (BGA) are widely distributed in environments. Cyanobacteria or BGA commonly being aquatic are also reported from terrestrial ecosystems like sub-aerial surface of temples, monuments and building facades etc., represent their versatile habitats and extremophilic nature. These organisms are the excellent material for primary and secondary metabolites has been investigated by ecologists, physiologists, biochemists and molecular biologists. Scientists and young researchers require knowledge of the potential cyanobacteria and their exploitation in order to formulate effective natural compound or drug remedies. A large number of reports in literature stress have acknowledged the use of Cyanobacteria in pharmaceutical and industries, due to the production of different secondary metabolites with diverse bioactivities. However, very less study is being carried out with respect to exploitation of these sub-aerial Cyanobacteria group for production of different secondary metabolites with biological activities. Since many cyanobacteria are also able to survive most type of stress/and or extreme, they may become even more important as antimicrobial agents of pharmaceuticals in the future. Hence, special attention is paid to these groups of organisms.