Interfacial water is a widespread lubricant down to the
nanometer
scale. We investigate the lubricities of molecularly thin H2O and D2O films confined between mica and graphene, via
the relaxation of initially applied strain in graphene employing Raman
spectroscopy. Surprisingly, the D2O films are at least
1 order of magnitude more lubricant than H2O films, despite
the similar bulk viscosities of the two liquids. We propose a mechanism
based on the known selective permeation of protons vs deuterons through
graphene. Permeated protons and left behind hydroxides may form ion
pairs clamping across the graphene sheet and thereby hindering the
graphene from sliding on the water layer. This explains the lower
lubricity but also the hindering diffusivity of the water layer, which
yields a high effective viscosity in accordance with findings in dewetting
experiments. Our work elucidates an unexpected effect and provides
clues to the behavior of graphene on hydrous surfaces.
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