Tüberküloz (TB), küresel çabalara rağmen yüksek morbidite ve mortalite oranlarıyla günümüzün halk sağlığı sorunlarından biri olmaya devam ediyor. Hem gelişmekte olan hem de gelişmiş ülkelerde, sağlık çalışanları ve öğrenciler maruziyet ve enfeksiyon için önemli bir risk grubunu temsil etmektedir. TB enfeksiyon kontrolünün önemli bileşenlerinden biri, sağlık çalışanlarının gizli tüberküloz enfeksiyonu için rutin olarak taranması ve testi pozitif olanlara kemoprofilaksi uygulanmasıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, gelecekte sağlık hizmeti sektöründe aktif olarak görev alacak olan sağlıklı, sağlık teknikeri öğrencileri arasında saflaştırılmış protein türevi (PPD) reaksiyonlarının dağılımını analiz etmek ve skar varlığı, skar sayısı ve PPD reaktivitesi arasındaki korelasyonu belirlemektir. 2017-2020 yılları arasında Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulunda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin demografik özellikleri ve PPD deri testi sonuçları ve önceki Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) skar sayısı retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel değerlendirmeler SPSS V.22 programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenler sayı ve yüzde ile gösterilmiştir. Bağımlı değişkenlere ise, ki-kare testi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmaya toplam 390 öğrenci dahil edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin %13,1’i PPD pozitif olarak bulunmuştur. PPD pozitiflik oranları, %10,0 (15-20 mm) ve %3,1 (20 ve üzeri mm) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin skar sayıları sıfırdan ikiye kadar değişmiştir. BCG skar sayıları ve PPD endürasyon çapları arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p

Beta-lactamase production and susceptibility to 13 antimicrobial agents (penicillin-G, amoxycillin, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, imipenem, clindamycin, metronidazole, piperacillin, ticarcillin, rifampicin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and erythromycin) of 32 isolated Bacteroides strains were determined. The strains included 23 isolates of B. frugilis, 2 B. thetaioatomicron, 2 B. ovatus, 1 B. distasonis, 1 B. capillosus, 1 B. uniformis, 1 B. ureolyticus and 1 B. merdae. beta-Lactamase production was detected in 65% of the Bacteroides using the nitrocefin test, All the antibiotic agents showed excellent activity against beta-lactamase negative strains (for tetracycline, ticarcillin and clindamycin, 90% were susceptible, whereas for the other drugs, 100% were susceptible). beta-Lactamase-positive Bacteroides strains showed 95% susceptibility to metronidazole and rifampicin; 90% susceptibility to piperacillin and cefoxitin; 85% susceptibility to tetracycline and erythromycin; 80% susceptibility to clindamycin and amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, and 76% susceptibility to ticarcillin. All beta-lactamase-positive strains were found to be susceptible to imipenem and chloramphenicol.

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SARS-CoV-2 is a new virus that is the cause of the current COVID-19 pandemic. We currently do not have a cure and immunity against this pathogen. Influenza viruses, on the other hand, are constantly evolving and undergo various levels of antigenic drift and shift that will become less recognizable by our immune system. This makes it difficult to develop a widespread effective influenza vaccine and also poses a risk of pandemics by leading to the emergence of new strains of zoonotic Influenza. Both Coronaviruses and Influenza viruses are enveloped RNA viruses and one of the primary pathogens affecting human respiration. COVID-19 and Influenza infections have similar transmission routes and symptoms. The reviewed literature indicates that there are important structural differences between COVID-19 and Influenza. These include differences in genome structures, surface proteins, number of strain and subtypes. In addition, incubation times, risk groups, asymptomatic transmission and transmission rate are important difference between the two viruses. However, unlike Influenza, the lack of vaccines and treatments for COVID-19 poses serious difficulties in controlling the spread of the disease. As a result, Coronavirus is spreading rapidly and due to the risk of possible co-infection with Influenza virus, it is extremely important to evaluate COVID-19 and Influenza infection together and developing public health measures accordingly.

Introduction: The impact of SARS-CoV-2 is intergenerational, and although it affects everyone differently, its effects on young people have been systematic, violent, and disproportionate compared to many social groups. This study aims to understand the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on Turkish youth and their attitude toward future prospects. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out between March 15 and May 20, 2022, with young people aged 18–29 living in Turkey. The data was collected using an online survey tool. In descriptive statistical analyses, categorical variables were presented as frequency and percentage, and continuous variables as mean (M) and standard deviation (SD). The independent samples t-test and the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test between-group differences in continuous variables. Results: In total, 696 participants responded to the online survey. For the majority of Turkish young people, SARS-CoV-2 has not impacted their physical health (55.7%) and mental health (57.8 %). In contrast, youth believe that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will negatively or strongly affect their future in terms of educational opportunities (58.7%), job prospects (58.6%), physical (58.1%), or mental health well-being (56.9%), economic stability (65.1%), financial stability (65.1%), and their overall future (58.2%). Conclusions: Our findings pointed to adverse effects that would last longer than the pandemic. Priority should be given to strategies that reduce the long-term impact of the pandemic on young people and provide them with a sense of optimism that the future they desire is still achievable.