Background: Cataracts are the main cause of visual impairment among the aging population, with a high impact on patients’ quality of life. It has been suggested that the antioxidant carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin may play a role in cataract prevention. Recently, significant evidence has associated abnormal glucose metabolism with an increased likelihood of the development of cataracts. Aim: The current study aims to assess the relationship between nutrition and cataracts among adults in the Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted targeting all accessible patients diagnosed with cataracts at Aseer Central Hospital during the period from August 8, 2019, to March 3, 2021, and at Khamis Mushayt General Hospital during the period from June 11, 2018, to March 3, 2021. Data were collected using a pre-structured data collection sheet that covered patients’ socio-demographic data, including age, gender, education, work type, and marital status. Also, the type of cataract diagnosed for the study patients was recorded with associated risk factors of cataracts, including chronic diseases, trauma, eye surgery, and family history. The last section covered patients’ dietary habits and frequency of dietary intake. Results: A total of 140 patients with cataracts who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Patients' ages ranged from 21 to 65 years, with a mean age of 54.2 ± 12.9 years old. Additionally, 12.1% of the study patients were smokers, 44.3% were diagnosed with hypertension, and 45% were diabetic, which was type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among 36.5% and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among 52.4%. A family history of congenital cataracts was reported among 12.9%, and 12.9% had a history of eye trauma. Moreover, 37.1% of the study patients had vegetables once per week. Eating fruits or having juice was reported as once per week among 40% of the study patients and three times per week among 20%. Finally, 31.4% take nutritional supplements or vitamins. Conclusion: There is currently an inquiry to endorse or exclude a specific diet or dietary intake that may reduce or even prevent the development and progression of cataracts. It appears beneficial for people to have some antioxidants in their daily food.

Introduction: One of the major global risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and death is hypertension. Earlier research has been conducted on the connection between calcium consumption and blood pressure. Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between calcium serum levels and hypertension in older hypertensive adults. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 121 of hypertension patients was conducted in Prince Faisal Bin Khalid Cardiac Center. The data of all patients were collected by records, including lab, pathology, and medical review, in order to determine the effects on patients, providers, and institutions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics version 26.0. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study included 121 adult hypertensive patients with a mean of age 60.29 ± 13.92. The majority of included patients were male (81%). More than one-third of patients were obese (39.7%), about one-third (33.9%) were overweight, and 26.4% of patients were in normal weight. The majority of patients had co-morbidities (68.3%); about one-half of them had diabetes mellitus (52.1%). The calcium level mean was 5.07 ± 1.26. The creatine kinase (CK) (initial day) mean ± SD was 813.22 ± 1146.37 became 221.4 ± 330.67 on the last day. The CK-myocardial band (CK-MB) (initial day) was 65.43 ± 118.9 and became 24.38 ± 23.26 on the last day. Additionally, the troponin (initial day) mean was 23.49 ± 104.26 and became 1.65 ± 2.66 on the last day. The most common discharge medications were anti-platelets (95%), beta-blockers (78.5%), statins (70.2%), and proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) (64.5%). The hospital stay days ranged from 1 to 20 days with a mean of 4.83 ± 3.38. The ICU stay days ranged from 1 to 15 days with a mean of 3.57 ± 2.72. Most of the patients (90.9%) improved. Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between calcium levels in hypertensive patients and the demographic characteristics of patients, home or current medications, ECHO findings, or procedures done. However, there is a significant correlation between the calcium level and CK level among patients with hypertension. Further investigations are required to verify the relationship between CK and calcium levels in hypertensive patients.