Our objectives through this paper are multiple: to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children between 5–11 years; highlight the main causes that lead children under 12 years old to become overweight or obese, especially by highlighting the cause and effect relationship between eating disorders “bulimia nervosa” and obesityoverweigh; highlight the risk factors associated with overweight or obese children; and finally, the strategies to be planned and the policies to be applied to curb the phenomenon of obesity in this age group. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional survey which aims to study and analyze a representative sample of children under the age of 12 who attend a municipal swimming pool during the month of July 2018. The sample is made up of 509 children from less than 12 years old; the majority of children are regulars at the municipal swimming pool during the summer located in the department of Constantine, a department in the North-East of Algeria. Overweight affects 14% of children aged 5–11 years old, while moderate obesity affects 4% of children in this age category, frank obesity affects 1% of this age group. The percentage of boys and girls with a BMI3, 4 or 5 are around 13% and 23%, respectively, of the entire sample.

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This article attempts to analyze the problem of the modernity of primary healthcare, as well as the reforms to be implemented in a new context characterized by COVID-19. This article offers another vision to follow, to build a modern primary healthcare system. It is a descriptive and analytical study, which addresses the failure of the health system in general, as it proposes the reforms necessary to provide equitable, efficient and modern primary healthcare. The results clearly show that we can no longer act unilaterally; multi-sector efforts at the national level should be encouraged: we must act, in a preventive way, on the causes of the disease; international agreements on the environment, prices of basic foods and medicines, etc. are much needed to improve the health status of middle and low income countries, the case of the majority of African countries. So, different solutions can be conveyed by primary healthcare, in order to improve the whole health system.