Objective: To explore the audiological characteristics of infant auditory neuropathy (AN) patients with cochlear microphonic (CM) recorded but absent otoacoustic emission (OAE), clinically reducing the rate of missed diagnosis of AN. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the audiological characteristics of infant AN patients in our medical center between 2003 and 2020. A total of 18 infant AN patients were OAE absent group, with CM present and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) absent in both ears. A total of 44 infant AN patients were OAE present group, with CM and DPOAE present in both ears.Results: (1) The found age in OAE absent group was 0.9 (0.02) years old, which was younger than 1.11 (1.63) years old in OAE present group (p = .041). (2) The CM threshold of OAE absent group was 80 (10) dB nHL, which was significantly higher (p < .001) than OAE present group. CM amplitude were smaller (p < .05), and CM duration were shorter (p < .05) in OAE absent group. (3) The thresholds of auditory steady-state response (ASSR) at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz were 94 (10), 94 (10), 87 (20), and 81 (10) dB HL cg, respectively in OAE absent group, which were higher than those in OAE present group (p < .01).Conclusions: Infant AN patients with CM present and OAE absent showed earlier detection and different audiological performance, which was manifested in ASSR thresholds, audiometric configurations and CM performance. CM thresholds were increased, amplitude and duration were decreased, non-linearity of I/O function was reduced.